Q1: what are the main raw materials upstream of the power battery industry chain? At present, which materials are in short supply upstream of power battery, VC, lithium hexafluorophosphate or positive, negative and diaphragm materials?
Cathode material is the raw material with the highest proportion of power battery cost, accounting for 45% of the total cost
The raw materials of power battery are mainly composed of positive electrode, negative electrode, diaphragm, electrolyte, etc. According to the cost proportion, the cathode material is the raw material with the highest cost proportion of power battery, accounting for 45% of the total cost. Negative electrode, diaphragm and electrolyte account for 10% of the total cost. There are five kinds of cathode materials for lithium batteries, including lithium diamond, lithium nickel cobalt manganate, lithium nickel diamond aluminate, lithium manganate and lithium iron phosphate.
The demand for downstream new energy vehicles surged, resulting in a situation of short supply and rising prices of upstream raw materials
With the rapid development of new energy vehicle industry, China Shipbuilding Industry Group Power Co.Ltd(600482) battery industry has entered a period of rapid development. China Shipbuilding Industry Group Power Co.Ltd(600482) battery production increased from 30.5gwh in 2016 to 83.4gwh in 2020.
With the significant recovery of the downstream demand market, there have been varying degrees of price increases and shortages of materials in the middle and upper reaches. Most materials are in short supply. For example, the upstream raw material lithium resource, the core of lithium battery, has a long mining cycle due to industry attributes. At present, the planned new capacity is expected to be difficult to put into use in the short term. Therefore, it has a great impact on the downstream. In addition, the electrolyte is also in short supply. The average price increases from 30000-40000 yuan / ton at the beginning of the year to 90000-100000 yuan / ton. Among them, the price of solute material lithium hexafluorophosphate is rising rapidly, from 69500 yuan / ton in August 2020 to 435000 yuan / ton in September 2021.
Q2: among the positive electrode materials upstream of power battery, is it difficult to prepare lithium iron phosphate material? Why are there many chemical enterprises in the market joining the lithium iron phosphate industry?
The preparation technology of lithium iron phosphate material is less difficult, and the solid-phase synthesis method is adopted by more than 90% of enterprises
There are many preparation methods of phosphoric acid hammer, which can be divided into solid-phase synthesis and liquid-phase synthesis according to the reaction state of the material in the preparation process. The main advantages of solid-phase synthesis are relatively simple process and high maturity. It is the preparation method adopted by more than 90% of enterprises at present. The lithium iron phosphate cathode material prepared by this method accounts for nearly 80% of the total shipment of lithium iron phosphate cathode material. Lithium iron phosphate cathode materials prepared by the self heating evaporation liquid phase synthesis method independently developed by Shenzhen Dynanonic Co.Ltd(300769) account for 20% of the total shipments of lithium iron phosphate cathode materials.
The main advantage of solid phase method is that it can be produced on a large scale and has low production barriers. However, the chemical reaction particles produced by solid-phase method are large, with wide particle size distribution, poor product consistency, low cycle times and relatively poor quality. Liquid phase method can obtain precursors with more uniform mixing, better product consistency, high cycle times and relatively better quality, but its production barrier is high.
The wave of new energy automobile industry has arrived, and lithium iron phosphate battery materials have taken advantage of the trend to attract a number of chemical enterprises to cross the board
At present, most of the cross-border chemical enterprises entering the lithium iron phosphate industry chain have the main raw material capacity upstream of the lithium iron phosphate industry chain, such as phosphorus source, iron source, etc. For example, most titanium dioxide enterprises choose to cross the border because ferrous sulfate, a by-product of titanium dioxide, can produce battery grade iron phosphate polishing raw materials. Phosphorus chemical enterprises also have raw materials for large-scale production of iron phosphate, so they have raw material advantages.
