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Science and Technology Daily reporter Cao Xiuying
The reporter learned from the China Geological Survey Bureau of the Ministry of natural resources on the 20th that in 2021, based on the results of hydrogeological survey in recent 70 years, the national groundwater monitoring project and the unified measurement of national groundwater level, the Bureau organized 25 professional units of water resources survey and 31 provincial geological environment monitoring institutions to complete the evaluation of national groundwater storage for the first time, The total storage of groundwater in China is about 52.1 trillion cubic meters.
Among them, the total underground fresh water storage in the north is about 35.5 trillion cubic meters, accounting for 95% of the country. It is mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia Eerduosi Resources Co.Ltd(600295) basin, Northeast Plain, Hexi Corridor, North China Plain and other areas, which can provide strategic reserves for ensuring water security in the north. The total underground fresh water storage in the south is about 1.9 trillion cubic meters, accounting for only 5% of the country. It is mainly distributed in Jianghan Dongting plain, Yangtze River Delta, Chengdu Plain and other areas. There is also about 14.7 trillion cubic meters of underground salt water storage in China, mainly distributed in Tarim Basin, Junggar basin, Qaidam Basin and other areas.
In addition, in 2021, the national groundwater storage increased by 36.3 billion cubic meters, of which the shallow groundwater storage increased by 35.7 billion cubic meters and the deep groundwater storage increased by 600 million cubic meters. Among the 17 main plain basins, 16 have a net increase in groundwater storage and 1 has a decrease in groundwater storage. The net increase of groundwater storage in Songnen Plain, Tarim Basin, Huang Huai plain, Liaohe plain and Jungar basin was significant, with an increase of 9.78 billion cubic meters, 6.25 billion cubic meters, 5.71 billion cubic meters, 5.13 billion cubic meters and 3.09 billion cubic meters respectively, and the underground water storage in Jianghan Dongting Lake plain decreased by 1.88 billion cubic meters. Thanks to the heavy precipitation process in the flood season of North China Plain in 2021 and the comprehensive treatment of groundwater overexploitation in North China, the groundwater storage in North China Plain has increased by 1.71 billion cubic meters, including 3.24 billion cubic meters of shallow groundwater and 1.53 billion cubic meters of deep groundwater.
The national groundwater monitoring station network is more perfect, which ensures the accuracy of groundwater storage calculation. Based on the 20469 stations of the national groundwater monitoring project, the number of groundwater measurement points in China will increase from 67000 to 76000 in 2021, and the monitoring area will expand from 4 million square kilometers in the previous year to 7.4 million square kilometers. The monitoring scope covers the main plain basins in China, as well as ecologically fragile areas and water conservation areas such as the source area of the Yangtze River, the source area of the Yellow River, the inner flow river and Lake area of Qiangtang, Taklimakan Desert and so on.
This work is carried out for the first time in more than 70 years since the founding of new China, and can provide a basic basis for water resources right confirmation and registration, optimal operation of surface water groundwater, strategic reserve of water resources, etc.
It is reported that in recent years, under the leadership of the Ministry of natural resources, the China Geological Survey has established a groundwater unified survey network covering major plain basins and major ecologically fragile areas in China, and preliminarily established the technical business system, organizational structure system, talent team system, national basin provincial groundwater resources survey, monitoring and evaluation zoning The condition guarantee system and the new mechanism of coordination and cooperation provide work guarantee for the national groundwater storage evaluation.
