When they come to rural night schools, young women can learn to make fancy steamed bread, younger women can learn to be sister-in-law, and men can receive training and obtain certificates of mechanical skills such as electric welding, and become workers in street factories… Jiaozhou City, Qingdao, Shandong, has trained 21000 rural migrant workers through 75 night schools all over the city’s villages.
Qingdao’s ability to provide public employment services with such precision stems from its accurate problem-oriented measures. “The difficulties of recruitment and employment coexist, the pertinence of training does not match the market demand, and the industrial transformation and upgrading urgently need the improvement of workers’ skills. These are the three main contradictions between the supply and demand of the skill training market.” Wang Tongshan, deputy director of the Vocational Training Department of Qingdao public employment and talent service center, said, “to solve these contradictions, we need to provide accurate public employment services according to the problems and make the services reach the ‘pain point’ of supply and demand.”
crack “two mismatches”
“The difficulty of recruitment and employment coexist. There are many reasons such as salary and concept, but the lack of skills is an important factor, which depends on training services.” Wang Tongshan told reporters that the training mechanism of Qingdao is to give play to the main role of enterprises and encourage and support the participation of social forces. The government subsidized vocational training mainly plays the role of market guidance and “revealing the truth”. “The government’s’ bottom line ‘mainly includes five categories of personnel: children from poor families, college graduates, fresh junior and senior high school graduates who have not continued their studies in urban and rural areas, rural migrant workers, and urban and rural registered unemployed.”
Jiaozhou’s rural night school training is an accurate policy for rural migrant workers. “In recent years, with the improvement of agricultural mechanization and less and less agricultural work, the villagers’ idea of looking for a job has become stronger and stronger. However, problems such as lack of technology, lack of time to learn and expensive training fees have become ‘obstacles’.” Zhu Chunlei, deputy director of the Organization Department of Jiaozhou municipal Party committee, told reporters that in response to these problems, the city has built a rural night school, brought business experts from municipal departments, town and street cadres and heads of stations into the teacher library, docked training institutions, and reserved more than 700 teachers and 23 training institutions. At the same time, according to the actual needs of the villagers, the courses have been improved and more attention has been paid to practice, so that the villagers can learn employment skills at home for free. At present, more than 1200 courses have been opened, and 1571 people have obtained various skill certificates.
“Rural night schools have helped us solve the problem of recruitment.” Meng Xianxin, general manager of Qingdao Huakang plastic packaging Co., Ltd., told reporters that the company’s phase I project has been put into operation, and there is a shortage of skilled workers. The rural night school in Puji town organized more than 200 students from four surrounding villages to train a large number of skilled workers for Huakang company. “At present, more than 100 people have been trained and qualified.”
College graduates are the key group of employment, but there is a mismatch between College Students’ employment concept and market demand. “First, the expected salary of college students is higher than the market salary. Second, most graduates are unwilling to go to factories.” Yu Ningning, deputy director of the Employment Service Department of Qingdao public employment and talent service center, told reporters that in order to solve these “two mismatches”, Qingdao human resources and social security department has cooperated with colleges and universities for many times to carry out career planning lectures for graduates, clarify the employment situation, and creatively set up the country’s first internship and training platform – Qingdao youth internship and training public service platform. “At present, the platform has more than 1000 training enterprises. Last year, it released about 60000 job demands. 17500 college students participated in the training, 65% of them were employed in factories, and 41% stayed in internship enterprises directly.”
Through the two-way efforts of the public service platform of employment guidance and practice and training, many college graduates have changed their employment concept. Yuan haokai, a 2020 graduate of Shandong University of science and technology, is one of them. He is now an employee of Hailir Pesticides And Chemicals Group Co.Ltd(603639) and his daily work is to explore and improve the production process on the front line. “I didn’t want to work in the factory before. When I went to Hailir Pesticides And Chemicals Group Co.Ltd(603639) internship, I found that there was a place to use here and decided to stay. Now the salary is good among my classmates.” Yuan haokai said.
focus on the right medicine
“The lack of pertinence and effectiveness of training is a common problem in China. The lack of pertinence is that training institutions cannot provide appropriate training courses, and the lack of effectiveness is that the effect of improving the employment and entrepreneurial ability of trainees after training is not satisfactory.” Wang Tongshan said.
Only by applying the right medicine can the disease be cured. In response to the problem, the human resources and Social Security Department of Qingdao has adjusted the employment skill training policy from the original “subsidy organization” to “direct subsidy individual”. “Trainees can choose their own training institutions according to their professional needs, and apply for subsidies after passing the training. Only in this way can training institutions that accurately match the needs of enterprises attract more trainees.” “This is a mechanism to improve pertinence and effectiveness,” Wang Tongshan said
In addition to mechanism innovation, meticulous work is also crucial. “We communicate with the industry and Information Technology Bureau, the Bureau of Commerce and other competent departments, conduct in-depth enterprise investigation, accurately grasp the types of work in short supply, and regularly update and release the catalogue of types of work for vocational training. At the same time, we continue to guide training institutions to set up targeted skill training courses according to the needs of enterprises, and set up targeted and scientific training courses based on induction.” Yu Ningning said.
Qingdao saihang vocational training school is a training institution that takes the market demand as the guidance, establishes the “order”, “orientation” and “order” talent training system, and accurately trains targeted talents for enterprises.
“In 2005, I founded saihang vocational training school and began to focus on numerical control training. Later, with the industrial upgrading, in order to meet the needs of enterprises, I added courses in the direction of automation and industrial Siasun Robot&Automation Co.Ltd(300024) programming and debugging. The teachers are senior engineers from front-line enterprises with high salaries.” Zhang Jianzhu, founder of Qingdao saihang vocational training school, told reporters that many enterprises had previously sent employees to Guangzhou for vocational training, which was time-consuming, laborious and expensive. “Saihang’s curriculum, which meets the needs of enterprises, has attracted many large enterprises to sign cooperation agreements. The enterprises select employees to study and sign employment agreements with saihang. We reserve unemployed trainees in the form of ‘order grabbing’. Now the employment rate of our students can reach 99.9%.”
“Around the pertinence and effectiveness of skill training, the government has given us a lot of funds and policy support.” Zhang Jianzhu said that the human resources and Social Security Department of Qingdao paid and made efforts to let saihang hold numerical control, mold design and other competitions, so that enterprises can see the advantages of vocational skill training, and let citizens understand that vocational skill training is a new way to enter enterprises and obtain high paid jobs.
advocate “New Apprenticeship”
Enterprises like new employees who can do it right away. At the same time, the upgrading of the industry also requires the continuous upgrading of the ability of internal old employees. How to meet these two needs of enterprises? Qingdao promotes enterprises to achieve their goals through policy guidance and innovative practices.
Recently, the reporter saw at the construction site of ronghua Construction Group Co., Ltd. that Wang Yifan, an engineering surveyor trained by the “New Apprenticeship”, is using various instruments to debug equipment parameters to ensure the orderly construction.
Since 2019, Ronghua Construction Group will jointly set up the “New Apprenticeship” senior work class with colleges and universities with civil engineering majors in Shandong Province, recruit 200 to 300 internal staff apprentices every year, adopt the training methods of semi off-duty training and integrated work study teaching, and adopt the teaching mode of “Online + offline” to train students and learn theory in the training school, Make use of the spare time of shift handover to flexibly arrange offline courses.
“New Apprenticeship” is a new training mode vigorously promoted by Qingdao in recent years. According to the principle of enterprise autonomy and college participation, the “New Apprenticeship” training of enterprises with the main content of “recruitment is enrollment, entering the enterprise is enrollment, and joint training of enterprise two teachers” is implemented in major enterprises. As the first batch of practitioners, Ronghua Construction Group has realized recruitment and stable work through this system, and has run out of “acceleration” in the development of the enterprise.
“With the continuous expansion of enterprises and the intensification of industry competition, the existing single talent training mechanism can not meet the rapid development needs of enterprises in the future.” Wang Tongshan believes that the enterprise’s “New Apprenticeship” not only shortens the talent training cycle and increases the number of highly skilled talents, but also greatly enhances the stability of talents and the inheritance of skills by virtue of its flexible learning method, standardized curriculum that meets the needs of enterprises and the training mechanism of teaching students according to their aptitude.
For the old employees in the enterprise, how to promote their ability? “I have been a traditional welder for 12 years. Two years ago, the factory started industrial Siasun Robot&Automation Co.Ltd(300024) , and I’m worried about being eliminated.” Sun Xucheng, a 42 year old employee of CLP equipment Qingdao Haomai Steel Structure Co., Ltd., told reporters that thanks to his participation in the “gold and blue collar” training advocated by the government, he mastered modern intelligent equipment. Now he can not only read drawings, calculate parameters and play with intelligent equipment, but also his salary rises sharply. “After going to the ‘golden and blue collar’ training course, my work and life are more ambitious.”
“Gold and blue collar” training is another innovative approach of Qingdao. Its goal is to train high skilled talents for enterprises. It is these precise public employment services that reach the “pain point” of supply and demand, which have opened up all links at both ends of supply and demand, not only promoted the formation of a good “employment ecosystem” at both ends of supply and demand, but also played an important role in Qingdao’s economic development. (Economic Daily reporter Liu Cheng)
