The national overall adjustment system of pension is another regional adjustment tool after financial transfer payment. In terms of regions, which places pay the most? What are the main allocation places?
According to the “2022 national overall adjustment fund handover and allocation table” of the central financial budget for 2022 released by the Ministry of finance, the national overall adjustment fund income will reach 217503 billion yuan in 2022, which will be handed over from 21 provinces. These funds will be used to make up for the pension gap in other regions (including Corps). Among them, Guangdong turned in 88.511 billion yuan, accounting for 40.7%.
The national overall allocation of capital expenditure totaled 217588 billion yuan. Heilongjiang and Liaoning became the two provinces with the largest allocation, with more than 80 billion yuan allocated.
Guangdong contributes the most
In July 2018, China established and implemented the fund central adjustment system, appropriately balanced the burden of inter provincial endowment insurance funds, and took the first step of national overall planning. From 2018 to 2021, during the four years since the implementation of the central adjustment system, a total of more than 600 billion yuan has been transferred across provinces, which has strongly supported poor provinces to ensure that pensions are paid in full and on time.
On February 22 this year, the Ministry of human resources and social security held a press conference to introduce that according to the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the national overall planning of old-age insurance has been implemented since January this year. After the implementation of the national overall planning system, the current balance and shortage of inter regional pension insurance funds will be adjusted nationwide to ensure that pensions are paid in full and on time.
In terms of provinces, Guangdong, the largest economic province, has the largest pension insurance balance for enterprise employees and the largest amount of funds handed over to the national overall adjustment. According to the table of national overall allocation of funds in 2022, Guangdong turned in 88.511 billion yuan, accounting for 40.7% of the National Total (217.5 billion yuan), becoming the province with the largest contribution to the national overall allocation of funds.
Zhang Kaiyun, a professor at the school of public administration of South China Agricultural University, analyzed the first finance and economics. Guangdong turned in a large proportion of overall adjustment funds. On the one hand, it is related to the large pension coverage of urban workers in Guangdong and good insurance participation. Guangdong has made all-round efforts to do a good job in system coverage and insurance coverage, formed a huge base and payment scale, and achieved due payment and insurance.
On the other hand, Guangdong contributes a lot, which is closely related to Guangdong’s population structure and regional economic development. As the largest economic province, Guangdong is the place with the largest inflow of population outside the province, and the inflow of population is mainly young and middle-aged population, most of which are in the state of payment, that is, more people pay and less people receive money, so the balance is also the largest.
According to the data of the seventh national census, Guangdong has a floating population of 520662 million, far ahead of all provinces, more than the sum of Zhejiang and Jiangsu. Among the floating population in Guangdong, the inflow population from other provinces was 296221 million, 13.442 million more than that of Zhejiang, which ranked second. In addition, due to the relatively relaxed threshold of Guangdong, the number of registered residence net immigrants is relatively large. From 2010 to 2020, the net immigration population of registered residence in Guangdong province reached 3 million 120 thousand and 200. Ten. Among the permanent residents, Guangdong also has the highest proportion of working age population (15-59 years old population).
According to Zhang Kaiyun’s analysis, the large pension balance and the large amount of turned in also show that Guangdong’s economic development is full of vitality and has great attraction to labor force and human capital. It continues to attract young people and migrant workers. This proportion is very large. The number of contributions far exceeds the number of retirees. Regardless of the total amount, the data of the balance is very large. And despite so much, Guangdong still has a large balance.
However, Zhang Kaiyun also reminded that in the future, as the payers gradually join the ranks of retirees, the structure of pension in Guangdong will also change. “Unless the optimization of population and labor structure can be maintained and continued, this pension structure can achieve a relatively smooth transformation. Therefore, in the future, Guangdong should always attract high-quality labor force for employment, and at the same time, it should strengthen its own efforts to encourage fertility.”
In addition to Guangdong, Beijing and Jiangsu ranked second and third. In 2022, the budget was handed over 32.3 billion yuan and 17 billion yuan respectively, and most of the turnover of Zhejiang, Sichuan, Anhui, Shanghai, Fujian and Yunnan was between 6 billion and 10 billion yuan. Among the provinces that turned in more than 6 billion yuan, only Beijing comes from the north and the rest from the south, which is also closely related to the trend of population mobility in recent yearsP align = “center” table of national overall coordination and allocation of funds in 2022 (source: website of the Ministry of Finance)
Heilongjiang and Liaoning received more appropriations
Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Tianjin, Hubei, Shandong, Qinghai, Gansu, Hebei and Xinjiang production and Construction Corps were allocated funds. Among them, only Hubei, which was greatly impacted by the epidemic, came from the south, and the rest came from the north.
Among them, Heilongjiang became the region with the largest allocation of funds, with an allocation of 82.158 billion yuan. Liaoning, also from the northeast, received an allocation of 81.990 billion yuan, accounting for a total of 164 billion yuan, accounting for 75% of the total. Overall, the northeast region is in a state of high degree of aging, outflow of young population and insufficient pension income.
Taking Heilongjiang as an example, the total resident population at the end of 2021 was 31.25 million, a decrease of 460000 over the previous year. Since the sixth national census in 2010, the population of Heilongjiang has decreased by 7.06 million in 11 years.
Yi Baozhong, Professor of Northeast Asia Research Institute of Jilin University, analyzed the first finance and economics. In recent years, a major reason for the decline of population in Northeast China is the economic downturn and the reduction of employment opportunities, resulting in population outflow. Especially in the old industrial base, many cities, such as Hegang, Yichun and other resource-based cities, after the depletion of resources and the decline of the original mining industry and other leading industries, the successor industries did not develop again, which led to a large outflow of young people.
Yi Baozhong said that after young people go to the southeast coast for employment, they will hand in their pensions to the local government wherever they find employment. At the same time, the Northeast has a high degree of aging, especially the large proportion of state-owned enterprises and many pensioners, so the pension gap is also large.
According to the analysis of clothing insurance, in order to solve the problem of population reduction in Northeast China in the future, we must solve the problem of the decline of old industrial bases and the continuous industrial development of resource exhausted cities. We should adjust the industrial structure, especially develop the private economy. He said that most of the state-owned enterprises in Northeast China focus on capital heavy chemical industries, which are relatively limited in attracting employment. In contrast, the private economy is the main body of absorbing employment. The Northeast should develop the private economy and increase the opportunities of absorbing employment through industrial structure adjustment.
At the same time, the Northeast should give full play to the advantages of college resources. The strength of higher education resources in Northeast China is strong, but these advantages of higher education resources have not been fully transformed into scientific and technological innovation advantages. Yi Baozhong said that many incubators have been set up around the university to transform innovation achievements, which can solve employment on the one hand and promote industrial transformation on the other.
The State Council recently issued the reply on approving Changchun and Changchun Jingyue high tech Industrial Development Zone to build a national independent innovation demonstration zone, saying that it agrees to build a national independent innovation demonstration zone in Changchun and Changchun Jingyue high tech Industrial Development Zone. The regional scope is the four-way scope determined by the review announcement of the Development Zone issued by the relevant departments of the State Council. The Changchun High And New Technology Industries (Group) Inc(000661) Technology Industrial Development Zone and Changchun Jingyue high tech Industrial Development Zone are the 22nd National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone in China.
