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science and Technology Daily reporter Li He
According to the implementation plan for strengthening the reform of hazardous waste supervision, utilization and disposal capacity issued by the State Council, the hazardous waste supervision system and mechanism will be further improved by the end of 2022, and a linkage mechanism between safety supervision and environmental supervision will be established; The high incidence of illegal transfer and dumping of hazardous wastes has been effectively curbed.
At a press conference held by the Ministry of ecology and environment on March 30, Ren Yong, director of the Department of solid waste and chemicals of the Ministry of ecology and environment, said that the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the prevention and control of hazardous waste pollution. Over the past year, the implementation of the reform implementation plan for strengthening the supervision, utilization and disposal capacity of hazardous waste has played an important role in strengthening the supervision, utilization and disposal capacity of hazardous waste. In the next step, we will continue to deepen the implementation of the reform implementation plan and continue to strengthen the environmental supervision of hazardous waste.
According to the data provided by the Ministry of ecological environment, by the end of 2021, China's centralized utilization and disposal capacity of hazardous waste was about 170 million tons / year, with utilization capacity and disposal capacity increasing by 2.1 times and 2.8 times respectively compared with the end of the 12th Five Year Plan.
Ren Yong said that on the whole, the situation and progress of China's hazardous waste utilization, disposal and supervision are mainly reflected in three aspects: improving the supervision capacity of hazardous waste and making up for the shortcomings of collection, utilization and disposal capacity, reforming and innovating, perfecting the system and strengthening supervision.
In terms of improving the supervision capacity of hazardous waste and making up for the shortcomings of collection, utilization and disposal capacity, improve the utilization and disposal capacity, and establish a three-level guarantee system of "overall matching of capacity within the province, coordination and cooperation between provinces and national overall planning of special categories", so as to realize the overall matching between the disposal capacity and demand of hazardous waste in each province; Promote the establishment of cooperation mechanisms in Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Chengdu Chongqing and other regions, and promote the joint construction and sharing of hazardous waste disposal facilities. The information management level has been improved, and the national solid waste environmental management information system has basically realized the online handling of existing businesses.
According to statistics, in 2021, nearly Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co.Ltd(600000) units completed the filing of hazardous waste management plans, the declaration of waste production of 230000 units, the operation of more than 5 million transfer receipts and the submission of annual reports of more than 5000 units for centralized utilization and disposal of hazardous waste.
In terms of reform, innovation and improvement of the system, at present, China has established a relatively perfect system for the environmental management of hazardous waste, including 8 systems such as hazardous waste list and identification, management plan, declaration, transfer slip, business license, emergency plan, identification and export approval, and more than 60 standards and specifications, covering the whole process from generation to utilization and disposal. In 2021, the Ministry of ecology and environment, together with relevant departments, issued the measures for the management of hazardous waste transfer, revised the identification management and technical specifications of hazardous waste, and further standardized the transfer and identification of hazardous waste. Dynamically revise the national list of hazardous wastes to improve the accuracy and scientificity of the hazardous wastes listed in the list.
Ren Yong pointed out that the exemption system for environmental management of hazardous wastes has been improved. On the premise of controllable environmental risks, exemption management has been implemented for specific links and contents of 32 types of hazardous wastes, and "point-to-point" directional utilization exemption has been implemented. In 2021, the first batch of hazardous waste removal management lists were studied and released, which are all exploring the "subtraction" of good management, improving accuracy and efficiency, and greatly reducing the burden on enterprises. Carry out the pilot of hazardous waste collection in small and micro enterprises to open up the "last kilometer" of hazardous waste collection; Carry out the pilot of centralized collection and cross regional transportation system of waste lead-acid batteries, and promote the establishment of a standardized and orderly collection and treatment system of waste lead-acid batteries. At present, it has achieved full coverage in all provinces. The collection and transportation volume of pilot provinces in 2021 is 2.8 times that in 2019.
In terms of strengthening supervision, we took strict precautions at the source, carried out in-depth three-year special rectification actions for hazardous waste, investigated the potential environmental risks of hazardous waste for more than 60000 enterprises across the country, found and rectified 25000 problems, and established a list of key hazardous waste supervision units covering more than 28000 enterprises. The process is strictly controlled and the whole process monitoring and information tracing of hazardous waste are continuously promoted. For example, Jiangsu province uses a "QR code" to "manage the hazardous waste to the end", and some provinces have implemented visual whole process monitoring of hazardous waste transfer. Continue to carry out standardized environmental management assessment of hazardous waste, promote local governments and relevant departments to implement regulatory responsibilities, and urge relevant units of hazardous waste to implement legal systems.
"The Ministry of ecological environment, together with the Ministry of public security and the Supreme People's Procuratorate, continued to carry out special actions to crack down on environmental violations and crimes of hazardous waste, and severely investigated and dealt with illegal transfer, dumping and disposal of hazardous waste." Ren Yong said.
According to statistics, in 2021, the national ecological and environmental departments investigated and dealt with nearly 5300 environmental violations involving hazardous waste, transferred more than 1000 cases to the public security organs, and fined about 650 million yuan.
Ren Yong stressed that at present, the utilization and disposal capacity of hazardous wastes is unbalanced in regions and types, illegal transfer and dumping of hazardous wastes occur from time to time, and the environmental management system of classification and classification of hazardous wastes is not perfect. In the next step, the direction of environmental supervision of hazardous waste is to continue to deepen the implementation of the reform implementation plan and continuously strengthen the environmental supervision of hazardous waste. First, carry out the three-year special rectification of hazardous waste and its relevant new deployment, promote all localities to complete the supplementary investigation and rectification on time, and carry out "look back" inspection in due time; Second, continue to focus on the special action to crack down on environmental violations and crimes of hazardous waste throughout the country; Third, carry out standardized environmental management assessment of hazardous waste; Fourth, comprehensively promote the construction of information management capacity of hazardous wastes and the construction of national technical capacity and disposal capacity of relevant hazardous wastes, continue to make efforts to improve the treatment and disposal capacity, and promote the construction of national and 6 regional environmental risk prevention and control technology centers for hazardous wastes and 20 regional centralized disposal Centers for special hazardous wastes determined in the outline of the 14th five year plan.
"With the completion of these centers, the national hazardous waste treatment and disposal capacity and management technical support capacity will be greatly improved." Ren Yong said.
