Shandong is one of the main wheat producing areas in China, but due to the rare autumn flood last year, the sowing time of winter wheat here has been delayed by about half a month on average compared with previous years. In more than 90 days, winter wheat will be harvested. Now is the key period of wheat growth. How to reverse the weak situation of wheat seedlings, will the wheat harvest be affected this year?
March 4, 2022, Feicheng, Tai’an, Shandong. The reporter saw a wheat field sown more than 30 to 40 days late. Obviously, wheat seedlings grow sparsely and have not formed effective tillers.
Tiller refers to the white rhizome part of the root of wheat seedling, Lbx Pharmacy Chain Joint Stock Company(603883) commonly known as bifurcation. Each bifurcation, that is, tillering, represents the possibility of producing an ear of wheat, and the number of ears of wheat directly affects the yield of wheat.
Wu Hairong, a large local grain grower, planted more than 1800 mu of wheat this year. Affected by the autumn flood last year, his family’s wheat field has grown from more than ten days to more than forty days. At present, the growth of more than ten days is the best, belonging to class I seedlings, but such class I seedlings are only more than 300 mu, less than 20%. Compared with the same period in 2021, class I seedlings decreased by about 75%.
Feicheng has a total wheat cultivation area of 470000 Mu this year. One kind of seedlings, about 100000 mu; Class II seedlings account for about 270000 mu, accounting for more than half. Class III seedlings are similar to class I seedlings, with about 100000 mu. Such a situation is very rare.
With one decrease and one increase, the overall wheat seedling situation in Feicheng this year is weaker than that in previous years. The wheat sowing area of the whole Shandong Province is 60.03 million mu, with class I seedlings accounting for about 20%, class II seedlings accounting for about 50% and class III seedlings accounting for about 30%. At present, wheat is about to enter three key growth periods: rejuvenation, jointing and grain filling. What do weak seedlings in wheat field rely on to “promote weak to strong” and make up for the adverse effects of late sowing?
From the beginning of young spike differentiation to heading, wheat has to go through multiple stages: tillering stage, rejuvenation stage, jointing stage, booting stage and heading stage. Wheat growth rate is closely related to soil environment, humidity and other factors, among which soil humidity, which is often referred to as “moisture” by growers, is the most critical.
Moisture refers to the moisture content of soil suitable for plant growth and development. As the weather gets warmer, it is necessary to start Topdressing and watering immediately. The amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the soil moisture in the field. Measuring soil moisture has become a daily compulsory course for technicians in the local agricultural department.
After expert testing, the average water content of wheat fields in Feicheng City is 0 to 10 cm, and the relative water content is 74.93%. This figure means that crops are suitable for crop growth without water shortage or drought. This has strengthened the confidence of the local agricultural department in the stable yield of wheat this year.
The local trusteeship farming mode in Feicheng is another source of their confidence. Trusteeship farming is a farming model proposed by the local agricultural department in 2019. In short, it means that large grain growers trust the land of small retail investors and use agricultural machinery operations to help small retail investors grow the land. Retail investors only need to pay a certain agricultural machinery service fee, and the grain planted on the trust land belongs to retail investors.
The trusteeship farming mode not only helps small retail investors solve the problem of lack of labor and difficult farming without agricultural machinery, but also reduces the farming cost and improves the quality and yield of wheat. A year ago, the local agricultural department also subsidized small retail investors at the standard of 70 yuan per mu. Wu Hairong, a large grain grower, not only transferred more than 1800 mu of land, but also managed more than 4000 mu of land.
The promotion and popularization of land transfer and trusteeship mode has stabilized the basic sector of wheat quality and yield, making everyone feel like a “reassurance”. Now the soil moisture in the field is also good. In order to make up for the impact of late sowing on wheat growth, the local increased the sowing amount from more than 20 kg per mu to more than 30 kg per mu, and the increased wheat seeds made up for the lack of tillers.
Increasing sowing quantity and density is a traditional way to make up for late sowing of wheat. In addition, they also use a ballast to suppress and soil the returning wheat seedlings, so as to stimulate the downward pressure of the wheat root system, stimulate the growth of the root system, and make the wheat grow stronger.
In order to improve the soil environment, reduce the use of chemical fertilizer and improve the quality of wheat, some large grain growers also use a special organic fertilizer.
Jing Haijun, chairman of Jinfeng grain professional cooperative in Feicheng City, Shandong Province
[half hour observation] science and technology strong seedlings stored grain in technology
China No. 1 central document has been highly valued by the central government. This year’s Central Committee document No. 1 and NPC and CPPCC work report have clearly requested that the management of wheat fields in winter and spring be strengthened and the seedlings weakened. Grain production is a top priority related to the national economy and the people’s livelihood. To firmly secure the jobs of 1.4 billion people, the key is to hide grain in technology and seek benefits from science and technology.
Various “science and technology packages” have been sent to the fields, and “strengthening seedlings through science and technology” is reversing the weak situation of seedlings. At the same time, government departments at all levels are strengthening their support for grain production and giving grain farmers “peace of mind”. All these policies and measures will lay a solid foundation for grain production this yearcenter>
