The two sessions of the National People's Congress and the National People's Congress are being held, and a number of representative members' suggestions on promoting the birth of three children have rushed into a hot search.
Optimizing fertility policy has always been a hot topic of widespread concern. Since this year, several provinces across the country have adopted relevant regulations to implement measures such as extending maternity leave and increasing parental leave.
This year's government work report also proposed to improve the supporting measures of the three child fertility policy, include the care expenses of infants and young children under the age of 3 into the special additional deduction of personal income tax, and develop inclusive childcare services to reduce the burden of family rearing.
suggest encouraging graduate students to marry and have children
Zhou Yanfang, deputy to the National People's Congress, said on the 5th that aging and fewer children are important issues facing China. Population issues are related to social development, and comprehensive measures are needed to enhance women's reproductive willingness. It is suggested to speed up the establishment and improvement of a family and society friendly policy system:
I. extend and enforce paid parental leave for men, share the pressure of women's parental care, and reduce gender discrimination caused by differences in maternity leave in employment.
II. Vigorously develop inclusive childcare institutions to alleviate the pressure of child care for dual working families.
III. gradually bring kindergartens into the scope of national compulsory education, and increase the supervision of private kindergartens.
IV. increase fiscal and tax incentives and support to reduce the economic burden of childcare families.
V. reduce the economic burden of buying and renting houses for families with children.
Vi. encourage and guarantee the marriage and childbirth of master's and doctoral students in school.
At present, the number of years of education of China's population has been continuously extended, the number of graduate and doctoral students in school has been increasing, and academic development has squeezed marriage and childbirth. At present, the fertility supporting policies for graduate students and doctors in school are not perfect, which affects the fertility wishes of students in school. In order to seize the critical period of career development after graduation, women have further postponed their childbearing age. The childbearing age of women highly coincides with the age of receiving postgraduate doctoral higher education, and the rights of childbirth and education should be guaranteed. It is recommended that female graduate students and doctors enjoy legal maternity leave, and doctors can also receive subsidies normally during maternity leave; Increase the flexibility of school system and appropriately extend the graduation period according to the length of maternity leave; In addition, it is suggested that the school should take an active role, give humanistic care and create a good campus atmosphere. Provide psychological health care facilities for mothers and infants in the school dormitory, and provide psychological counseling services for mothers and infants in the school dormitory. The University of Hong Kong has set up 14 weeks of maternity leave for Research Masters and doctoral mothers, which will not be postponed, and one week of paternity leave for school fathers.
VII. Give tax incentives to enterprises that promote female employment, and ensure the proportion of female employees recruited by enterprises. Eighth, improve the ability and voice of women in all fields to participate in management.
and these suggestions for promoting three children
With regard to how to improve the willingness to give birth in the context of the three child policy, Zhang Junting, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and chief physician of Neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, suggested that all localities introduce relevant policies according to local conditions to reduce birth costs, advocate that the third child go to kindergarten free of charge, and encourage some large enterprises and units to provide free childcare services
Zhang Junting said that at present, the state has liberalized three children. Although there are policies, the fertility rate of many young people is still not high. Zhang Junting is concerned that one of the difficulties is that many families may be reluctant to continue to have children, especially considering that no one takes care of children, considering that cultivating a child requires a lot of energy and economic costs.
In this regard, he suggested that all localities should introduce relevant policies according to local conditions, reduce birth costs, advocate free kindergarten for third children, and encourage some large enterprises and units to provide free childcare services.
Nie Pengju, deputy to the National People's Congress and Keli Motor Group Co.Ltd(002892) chairman of the board of directors, has prepared a number of suggestions this year, including policy incentives for giving birth to three children, accelerating the construction of nursing homes, improving the publicity system of enterprise credit information, strengthening food safety supervision on e-commerce platforms, etc.
In terms of encouraging the birth of three children, Nie Pengju suggested that the state should implement the reward and assistance system and preferential policies from the four aspects of birth, upbringing, education and employment; In terms of accelerating the construction of nursing homes, Nie Pengju suggested supporting and encouraging the investment of private enterprises from the national level, giving tax relief measures for enterprises running nursing homes, and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the elderly care service industry.
Nie Pengju said that at present, the policy has encouraged citizens to have three children, but limited to the economic pressure in terms of income, price, housing, childbirth, parenting, education and starting a family, many people still want to have children but dare not have them, they can't afford to have them, and having them seriously affects their work and their quality of life.
\u3000\u3000 "It's OK for ordinary families to have one child, but it's stressful to have two children, and it's hard to afford to have three children. In addition to the education and maintenance fees for children from childhood to adulthood, they also have to bear the mental and physical hard work for a long time, which may also affect employment. In addition, there are old and young, so they must be in good health and have a stable income, otherwise they will lose their job as soon as there is trouble It's easy to fall into poverty and helplessness. " Nie Peng said.
In this regard, Nie Pengju suggested to implement various reward and assistance systems and preferential policies from the four aspects of childbirth, parenting, education and employment, create a good social environment to encourage the birth of three children, and appropriately reduce the economic and living pressure of giving birth to three children:
In terms of childbirth, the cost of giving birth to three children shall be included in the payment scope of maternity insurance benefits, and the personnel without maternity insurance shall be paid by the state.
In terms of parenting, the state requires local governments to set up some public welfare childcare institutions, charge Principal Guaranteed fees for the first two children, and appropriately reduce the childcare fees for the third child, such as 30% ~ 50%; For those who need to have three children, the State implements a certain standard of living and medical insurance subsidy for the third child according to the region, such as 20% of the local average monthly salary. The living and medical insurance subsidy lasts until the age of 18.
in terms of education, in addition to nine-year compulsory education, the third child is also exempted from three-year education expenses in senior high school; The third child can be rewarded with 10 ~ 20 points according to regional differences
In terms of employment, units are encouraged to support the employment of parents with three children. When the unit terminates the employment agreement for no reason, in addition to compensation in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, it needs to increase the subsidy of 50% of the compensation cost.
On March 3, Su Ronghuan, a deputy to the National People's Congress, suggested that include the expenses for early education and parenting of 0-3-year-old infants and young children into the deduction range, reduce the tax burden on parenting families and enhance the fertility willingness of the population of childbearing age at the same time, the deduction standards for "two children" and "three children" are increased. For example, the deduction standard for families with two children is increased from 1000 yuan / month / child to 1500 yuan / month / child. The progressive deduction standard is adopted to make more compensation for families with more children.
In addition to education, women's fertility has also attracted much attention.
Recently, the proposal of a member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference rushed to the top of the hot search, causing heated discussion among netizens.
During the two sessions in 2022, Xie Wenmin, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and director of Hubei Shouyi law firm, suggested that families with children should be given subsidies on a monthly basis. In addition, she also suggested that all localities should be encouraged to add bonus maternity leave for giving birth to two children in combination with actual conditions.
Xie Wenmin also suggested that can force women who are accompanied by men to take maternity leave for one month, "so that male compatriots can jointly undertake the obligation of raising children."
suggest that housewives cook husband as a legal occupation
During the two sessions, Wei Zhenling, member of the CPPCC National Committee and Deputy Procurator General of Liuzhou people's Procuratorate of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, submitted a proposal to establish a system to protect the professional rights of full-time family service members and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of full-time family service members.
Based on the long-term solution to China's low fertility rate and aging and other social problems, Wei Zhenling proposed that consideration could be given to establishing a system for the protection of the professional rights of full-time family members at a certain level, promoting the professionalization of full-time family service in special periods of special families, and recognizing the practical contribution of full-time family service occupation to social development and governance.
"It is suggested to legislate to protect the interests and legitimate rights and interests of full-time family members, and regard full-time family service in the family as a legal occupation protected by law." Wei Zhenling believes that it can be stipulated that full-time members engaged in family service in divorce proceedings can be paid according to their work and obtain labor compensation of corresponding proportion standard when dividing property. The longer the years of full-time service to the family, the more compensation they receive; Members who resign and return to their families for full-time family services due to special reasons and special periods (breastfeeding and young education period under the age of 3, taking care of disabled parents and spouses, etc.) can enjoy relevant benefits such as cumulative length of service and labor social security; If one of the husband and wife chooses to return to the family to provide full-time services for the family, the individual income tax of the working spouse can be reduced or exempted appropriately.
Wei Zhenling proposed to establish a conditional salary system for full-time members of special families. It can be stipulated that family members engaged in family full-time service can apply for certain government labor subsidies if they meet the conditions of taking care of children without civil capacity, disabled elderly and spouses alone and full-time. If the family members who are served have a fixed source of income, they shall pay a certain proportion of living expenses and service expenses to the full-time service members of the family from their fixed income. The proportion can be set by legislation, or both parties can negotiate on their own on the basis of not less than the legal minimum amount, In order to protect the labor security rights and interests of members who provide full-time family services and the equal rights and interests of families, and avoid inequality in marriage, inheritance and other disputes.
In order to ensure the quality of full-time family service, Wei Zhenling also suggested establishing a public welfare training mechanism for full-time family members, and members who choose to engage in full-time family service can receive free or affordable training according to conditions.
assisted reproduction sector "hot out of the circle"
At the same time of the two sessions, the policy expectations related to three children also fueled the concept unit of assisted reproduction.
Last Friday, the three major indexes collectively fell, while the concept of assisted reproduction rose against the trend. As of the close, the sector rose by 3.71%, ranking first in the list of gains, with a cumulative increase of 19% in the past 21 trading days. Among them, six concept stocks rose by the collective limit.
In terms of news, many places have released relevant policies such as promoting fertility before the two sessions, or it is the reason for the overall strength of the assisted reproduction sector in the near future. For example, the Beijing Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau, the health commission and the Ministry of human resources and Social Security jointly issued the notice on regulating the price adjustment of some medical services on February 21, 2022, which included 16 assisted reproductive technologies such as artificial insemination and embryo transfer into Beijing medical insurance, which will be implemented from March 26, 2022.
