"The launch and implementation of the provincial major science and technology plan 'independent innovation and industrialized application of several important flower varieties in Yunnan' will have a positive impact on China's flower industry." Li Xuelin, President of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told Science and Technology Daily on December 26.
Yunnan is an important origin center of ornamental plants in the world and one of the best flower production areas in the world.
After more than 30 years of development, flowers have become the agricultural characteristic industry with the most market competitiveness and development potential in Yunnan, forming a comprehensive development pattern of five kinds of fresh cut flowers, potted flowers, garden ornamental plants, processed flowers and planting flowers. In 2020, the province's flower planting area will be 1901000 mu, with a comprehensive total output value of 83.01 billion yuan.
for the development of flower industry, seed industry is the commanding height
At present, Kunming hongzhihua horticultural company has the largest chrysanthemum germplasm resource bank in China and even in Asia. It has collected and retained more than 2500 popular chrysanthemum varieties and more than 3000 intermediate materials for chrysanthemum breeding.
"We have done chrysanthemum breeding in 30 years, and developed and cultivated more than 40 new chrysanthemum varieties with independent intellectual property rights." Xue Jianping, general manager of Kunming hongzhihua horticultural company, told reporters that the enterprise has an export production base of nearly 3000 mu of chrysanthemum seedlings, fully covers the production process of chrysanthemum seedlings with agricultural standardized production, and the export customs clearance rate has exceeded 99% for 10 consecutive years. The chrysanthemum seedlings produced are mainly exported to Japan and South Korea, accounting for more than 42% of the import market of chrysanthemum seedlings in Japan.
The carnation seedlings of Yunnan Yingmao flower company are exported to Japan, Spain, Italy and other countries, accounting for about 10% of the carnation seedling market in Japan, and more than 45% of the carnation seedlings in the Chinese market are also from Yingmao.
"Yunnan, a major flower Province, has a number of advantageous enterprises, and the number and quality of new varieties rank first in the country. However, the development of flower seed industry still faces insufficient innovation and utilization of germplasm resources, weak innovation ability of new varieties, insufficient breakthrough, systematicness and engineering of breeding methods, low level of high-quality seedling high-efficiency breeding, weak market competitiveness of self selected varieties, and lack of breakthrough landmark varieties Lack of 'neck sticking' problems. " Wang Xueqin, party secretary and director of the Department of science and technology of Yunnan Province, said that the flower varieties and original varieties of Yunnan Province have been monopolized by foreign countries for a long time, and about 85% of the varieties depend on imports, which restricts the healthy development of the flower industry.
Yunnan Provincial Department of science and technology places the self-improvement and self-reliance of the flower seed industry in the core position of leading and supporting the high-end development of the flower industry. Based on resource advantages and guided by industrial demand, Yunnan Provincial Department of science and technology strengthens the organization of flower scientific and technological innovation projects.
"To this end, we launched the 'independent innovation and industrialized application of several important flower varieties in Yunnan' project with a total budget of 105 million yuan, which is to deeply reform the scientific and technological innovation mechanism, build an innovative, open and efficient flower seed industry innovation system, improve the self-sufficiency rate of high-quality varieties and seedlings, and cultivate new industrial advantages." Li Jia, director of the Rural Department of the science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province, said.
promote independent innovation and industrialization of important flower varieties
Focusing on the goal of 100 billion cloud flower industry, the project focuses on three large cut flowers of rose, carnation and Gerbera, two dominant potted flowers of Cymbidium and Phalaenopsis, and four new and excellent flowers of Yunnan clove, dahlia, Impatiens and Petunia, so as to increase the research and application of scientific and technological breakthrough, technology integration and achievement transformation.
According to the project leader, Yunling scholar and Tang Kaixue, Secretary of the Party committee of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the project gives the chief scientist autonomy, accurately integrates the resources of four units, including Yunnan Agricultural University, Southwest Forestry University, plateau Forestry Institute of Chinese Academy of forestry and Yunnan University, and focuses on germplasm innovation and molecular breeding, gene editing, improved seed breeding For major scientific and technological issues such as efficient virus elimination and virus detection, strengthen key common technologies and strengthen application demonstration and promotion.
Since the project was launched in July 2021, the results have initially appeared. The research and application of key technologies such as distant hybridization, molecular breeding and gene editing have been carried out, 65 new and excellent flower germplasm have been obtained, and 20 new varieties such as rose and Gerbera have been declared; Integrate the key technology of virus-free seedling breeding and virus-free core materials, original seed and original seed production technology, and optimize the construction of 4 cutting seedling and tissue culture production lines; The demonstration production of more than 56 million high-quality seedlings has driven the output value of 369 million yuan.
"We also have a goal and task, which is to strengthen the combination of industry, University and research, continuously improve the core competitiveness of advantageous enterprises and enter the international advanced ranks; cultivate and expand the national leading seed industry leading enterprises in Yunnan Province, and support the self-sufficiency rate of core seedlings to reach 60%." Tang Kai theory, through the demonstration and promotion of key common breeding technologies and high-quality seedlings, further promote the independent innovation of Yunnan flower seed industry, the industrialized application of new varieties, and the improvement of scientific and technological support and service capacity.
(Science and technology daily)
