Text / figure Yangcheng Evening News reporter Tan Zheng
"Little life, after experiencing the pain of branching in the growth of nature, has another continuation of life. Therefore, everything will pass and grow to a new one."
"Selaginella Selaginella will curl up and protect itself in bad environment. When we adapt to the environment, we will continue to live in the sun. Just like when we encounter setbacks, we will think calmly, wait for the difficulties to pass, and then continue to live."
……
This is a small note left on a whiteboard by prisoners undergoing community correction at the community correction center in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou. Through the "horticultural correction" project, combined with a variety of correction measures such as the personalized correction mode of "body, mind and social spirit", a number of community correction objects are orderly receiving daily supervision and education.
What is community correction? What are the current challenges facing this criminal enforcement work? Recently, with the "open day" activity held by the community correction center of Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, the reporter approached the community correction center together with representatives of the District People's Congress, members of the district CPPCC and representatives of the public.
What is community correction?
Community correction refers to the non custodial criminal execution activities in which qualified criminals are placed in the community, and the special state organs, with the assistance of relevant social groups, non-governmental organizations and social volunteers, correct their criminal psychology and behavior within the time limit determined by judgment, ruling or decision, and promote their smooth return to society.
Community correction is an important system to improve the execution of penalty and promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. In 2004, the central government's relevant documents on deepening the reform of the judicial system and working mechanism included the pilot work of community correction into the scope of the reform of the central judicial system and working mechanism. On June 28, 2019, the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress conducted group deliberation on the draft community correction law first submitted for deliberation. On December 28 of the same year, the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress adopted the community correction law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the community correction law). This is the first law in China to comprehensively regulate community correction.
When a law is formulated, it depends on the actual landing effect. The reporter learned from the Judicial Bureau of Yuexiu District, Guangzhou that from January 1, 2020 to November 30 this year, Yuexiu District listed 559 community correction objects. Among them, 314 have been relieved or terminated, and 231 are currently on the register. According to Chen yuanxiong, a researcher at the fourth level of Yuexiu District Bureau of justice in Guangzhou, the community correction objects here did not have the phenomenon of deregulation, leakage and virtual management caused by improper performance of their duties, and there were no events affecting social security and stability. "In 2021, the recidivism rate of correction objects within the jurisdiction of our district was 0."
Multi help community correction
How to maintain the recidivism rate of correction objects at 0? This is due to the simultaneous measures taken by relevant departments. While vigorously promoting the construction of the list of rights and responsibilities of community correction, they continue to innovate the mode of educational correction.
In July 2020, Yuexiu district took the lead in issuing the list of rights and responsibilities of Yuexiu District Community Correction approval (Trial), the list of rights and responsibilities of Yuexiu District judicial social workers and the list of matters notified by Yuexiu District Community Correction institutions according to law in Guangdong Province. The introduction of these lists has clarified the work responsibilities, time limit, responsible personnel and discretion boundaries of each subject, so that relevant personnel have clear rights and responsibilities and rules to follow in the implementation.
The reporter learned from Yuexiu District community correction center that the object of community correction should go to the community correction center to go through the registration formalities within 10 days after the judgment and decision applicable to community correction come into force, and be included in the management of community correction. After completing the above procedures, the social correction object will return to the residential community and receive the daily supervision education of the judicial institute. In daily supervision, the objects of community correction need to abide by the supervision and management regulations such as reporting, receiving visitors, going out, moving and medical parole, and obey the management of community correction institutions and judicial offices. They have to make a telephone report every week, go to the judicial office to make a face-to-face report and submit an ideological report every month. They are not allowed to leave Guangzhou without approval, accept on-site visits and information verification, etc. According to relevant regulations, community correction objects including "leaving the city or county where they live without authorization without justified reasons" also need to wear electronic bracelets to strengthen supervision.
Community correction is a comprehensive work involving many aspects. Yuexiu District has fully integrated various resources such as community correction center, judicial institute, social work institutions and legal aid center of Guangdong University of foreign studies, and regularly carried out centralized education and case correction for community correction objects in combination with psychological education.
At present, the objects of community correction are criminals sentenced to public surveillance, suspended sentence, parole and temporary execution outside prison. "It is not easy for some of them to accept their identity change from ordinary people to social objects." According to Huang Li, a staff member of Yuexiu District Judicial Bureau, Yuexiu District has built the country's first community correction horticultural correction project to provide horticultural correction services for community correction objects with unbalanced psychological state and difficult social integration. With the help of natural elements such as plants, soil and water, and with the intervention of professional service methods of social workers, give new focus to community correction objects, so as to find a suitable lifestyle.
Specifically, horticulture is used to stimulate the special reactions of vision, hearing, smell, touch and taste of community correction objects, so as to achieve the purpose of healing through appropriate activation of human body. "Through horticultural correction, help community correction objects improve their sense of comfort, pleasure, self-efficacy and integration." Introduction of social workers present.
Horticultural therapy is only one of many correction methods. It is reported that Yuexiu District also actively organizes community correction objects to participate in public welfare and compensatory service activities such as charity sales, meals and medicine delivery, so as to cultivate their sense of responsibility to society. The reporter learned that in the early stage of the outbreak of covid-19 pneumonia, 42 community correction objects in Yuexiu District alone actively donated 84018 yuan to Wuhan, Huanggang and other anti epidemic front lines, with a total value of more than 335000 yuan. They actively returned to the society with their own practical actions.
Challenges and difficulties faced by community correction
As a new thing, community correction is bound to face challenges and difficulties. It is understood that according to the law, community correction institutions should be the executive organs that can exercise their functions and powers in their own name and independently bear legal responsibility, and are responsible for the specific implementation of community correction for crimes sentenced to governance, suspended sentence, parole, decision or approval of temporary execution outside prison. It is worth noting that due to the lack of top-level design, Guangdong has not set up community correction institutions from top to bottom according to law. The staff pointed out that the long-term responsibility of community correction institutions by judicial administrative institutions is not conducive to the standardized and professional development of community correction, nor to the supervision of the criminal implementation of community correction.
In addition, community correction is a work of educating and correcting people. It requires staff to have knowledge of law, education, society, psychology and medicine, and puts forward certain requirements for the quality and quantity of talents.
The reporter also learned that with the further deepening of China's judicial system reform and the implementation of the national criminal policy of "less arrest, careful litigation and careful custody", there will be more and more criminals suitable for community correction, and the pressure of community correction will gradually increase.
At present, the relevant departments of community correction are also facing problems such as lack of smooth information. Xu Ming, a staff member of Yuexiu District Judicial Bureau, told reporters that relevant departments are vigorously promoting the construction of "intelligent correction". In the future, it is expected to open up the "information island" and improve the quality and efficiency of grass-roots work through online approval, online case handling and other information means.
(Yangcheng Evening News)
