With the approaching of the new year, in the past half a month, Beijing Easpring Material Technology Co.Ltd(300073) , Ganfeng Lithium Co.Ltd(002460) and other companies have outflow of new trends of solid-state batteries, and the news frequency has increased significantly compared with that before.
For example, today, Baic Bluepark New Energy Technology Co.Ltd(600733) revealed on the interactive platform that the company has completed the development of second-generation solid-state cells, bench test verification of battery system and vehicle (arcfox α T) Onboard verification. The third generation solid-state battery technology is also under planning.
Just last Friday, the Ministry of industry and information technology publicized the announcement on road motor vehicle manufacturers and products (batch 351). It is worth noting that compared with previous batches, This semi-solid battery (mixed solid-liquid electrolyte lithium battery) made its debut – Dongfeng E70 is equipped with semi-solid battery supplied by Ganfeng Lithium Co.Ltd(002460) , and it is expected that the model will be delivered before the Spring Festival.
In addition, the new model et7 of Weilai will also be equipped with semi-solid battery pack next year, and 2022 will be regarded as “(the first year of semi-solid battery boarding” .
why can solid-state battery become the next choice to “lead countless heroes to bow down”?
At present, the two mainstream routes in the industry are lithium iron phosphate and ternary battery, but neither can escape the two problems of safety and mileage.
On the one hand, the safety performance of liquid battery has always been a major focus of the industry. Acupuncture test has almost become the “reserved program” of every new battery technology press conference, and its liquid electrolyte is also regarded as the culprit behind the fire and spontaneous combustion accident.
On the other hand, the made in China 2025 issued by the Ministry of industry and information technology proposed that by 2025 / 2030, China Shipbuilding Industry Group Power Co.Ltd(600482) battery cell energy density should reach 400wh / kg and 500wh / kg respectively. However, even the liquid battery with silicon-based negative electrode to greatly improve the energy density is difficult to overcome the “barrier” of 500wh / kg.
In the face of these two problems, solid-state battery is the nearest way.
It has advantages in energy density, output current stability, service life and volume, and the most prominent advantages are safety and endurance mileage: solid electrolyte is nonflammable, high temperature resistant, non-corrosive and non-volatile; In addition, the data show that its battery life can reach 2-3 times that of the traditional liquid lithium battery.
However, from the perspective of the R & D process of mainstream car companies such as Volkswagen and BMW, the mass production and application of solid-state batteries can only be realized in 2025 or later. Kano, a distinguished professor at Tokyo University of technology in Japan, said on Friday that the time is similar. He believes that the possibility of all solid-state batteries being practical within five years is very high.
In other words, in the short term, all solid state batteries still cannot be mass produced.
Therefore, the “semi-solid battery” carried by Weilai et7 and Dongfeng E70 partially reduces the amount of electrolyte and adopts some solid electrolyte. Therefore, as a compromise scheme, it has become a “small goal” that can be completed first before moving towards the all solid state technology.
However, even if mass production is achieved, the future of solid-state batteries is still “a long way to go”.
Not to mention the power density of solid-state batteries after leaving the laboratory; The electrode expansion in the charge discharge cycle and the poor fast charging performance will also make most consumers shake their heads.
Ouyang Minggao, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Professor of Tsinghua University and director of the State Key Laboratory of automotive safety and energy conservation, predicts that it will still take about a decade for all solid-state batteries to realize industrialization and have an important impact on the market pattern. The existing lithium battery technology, including liquid battery and semi-solid battery, will still occupy an absolute dominant position before 2030.
(Financial Associated Press)
