Under the goal of "double carbon", the favorable policies continue to help, and the hydrogen energy industry has increasingly become a hot track. After hydrogen energy travel helped the Beijing Winter Olympics, two related policies were steadily promoted this month.
In the view of many experts interviewed by the financial Associated Press, compared with traditional fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil, hydrogen has the natural advantages of high energy density and zero reaction emission. It is an ideal clean energy under China's carbon neutralization goal. In order to accelerate the development of China's hydrogen energy industry, the national and local governments frequently support the hydrogen energy industry. In addition, the industrial economy has a broad market, the number of hydrogen energy financing projects continues to grow, and the layout of relevant enterprises is accelerated. The development of China's hydrogen energy industry will usher in an accelerated period.
According to the 2020 report on the development of China's hydrogen energy industry, by 2050, hydrogen energy will be widely used in transportation, energy storage, industry, construction and other fields, and the industrial output value of the hydrogen energy industry chain will exceed 10 trillion yuan. In this context, many listed companies have also entered the board.
all parties enter the hydrogen energy industry chain
According to the Research Report of Wanlian securities, the hydrogen energy industry chain is divided into hydrogen production, storage and transportation, hydrogen refueling station, hydrogen fuel cell application and other links. Compared with the lithium battery industry chain, the hydrogen energy industry chain is longer and contains more theoretical economic value. According to the prediction of China hydrogen energy alliance, by 2030 / 2050, China's hydrogen demand will reach 35 million tons / 60 million tons, accounting for 5% / 10% of the terminal energy system.
Facing the huge cake, many listed companies have also announced high-profile entry into the field of hydrogen energy, and more than one-third of central enterprises have been formulating the layout of the whole industrial chain, including hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogenation, hydrogen use and so on.
At the beginning of 2021, standing at the starting point of the 14th five year plan, major power enterprises frequently released clean energy development goals, which can be seen from the urgency and determination of traditional power companies to transform to clean power. China's home appliance investment ranks first in cross-border hydrogen energy, and began to enter the hydrogen energy industry in 2016. Its hydrogen energy company is the first secondary unit of China's central enterprise specializing in hydrogen energy. With continuous technology research and development, the "product line" of the state power investment hydrogen energy company is making breakthroughs. In September 2020, the company's self-made fuel cell stack and system product hteng fc-ml80 / fcs65 was released.
Since then, Huaneng Group and other major cross-border power generation enterprises have also started to develop in the field of fuel cells.
In March 2021, Longi Green Energy Technology Co.Ltd(601012) (601012. SH) established Xi'an Longji Hydrogen Energy Technology Co., Ltd. through a wholly-owned subsidiary Longji green energy venture capital and Shanghai Zhuque investment, and plans to vigorously develop photovoltaic hydrogen production; In the same month, Sungrow Power Supply Co.Ltd(300274) released China's first sep50pem hydrogen production electrolytic cell with maximum power; In May, Jinko Power Technology Co.Ltd(601778) announced the layout of photovoltaic hydrogen production; In July, GCL new energy established a hydrogen energy industry investment fund of up to 10 billion yuan; In August, Jiangsu Linyang Energy Co.Ltd(601222) announced the establishment of a joint venture and officially entered hydrogen energy.
Dr. Song Jianzhong of Nanjing Forestry University said that as an important part of hydrogen energy utilization, hydrogen fuel cells can play a great role in the fields of energy supply (power supply and heating) and transportation, provide support for the downstream extension of hydrogen energy economy, further realize the substitution of petrochemical energy and help achieve the goal of double carbon.
industrial policy outlet
On February 10, the national development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued the opinions on improving the institutional mechanisms and policies and measures for green and low-carbon energy transformation (hereinafter referred to as the "opinions").
Song Jianzhong believes that the document is conducive to the green and low-carbon development of various energy sources, including hydrogen energy industry, and eliminates the current institutional and institutional restrictions, which is to clarify the development context from the root.
Recently, the national development and Reform Commission and other four departments jointly issued the implementation guide for the transformation and upgrading of energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas of high energy consuming industries (2022 version) (hereinafter referred to as the guide), which defined the work direction and objectives of the transformation and upgrading of energy conservation and carbon reduction in 17 high energy consuming industries such as steel, nonferrous metal smelting, cement and oil refining, It aims to guide all relevant parties to carry out the transformation and upgrading of energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas in a scientific and orderly manner.
According to Tian Jiangnan of North China Electric Power Design Institute, to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization, carbon emission reduction should be carried out from the energy supply side and energy demand side. The main means of carbon emission reduction on the energy supply side is the substitution of a high proportion of renewable energy. One of the means of carbon emission reduction on the energy demand side is energy conservation and efficiency improvement. On February 11, the four departments issued a document mainly on carbon emission reduction on the energy demand side. At present, China's oil refining industry, chemical industry, power industry, cement industry and other industries have a large number of backward production capacity, which has a huge space for improving quality and efficiency. Through energy system optimization, waste heat and pressure utilization, pollutant emission reduction and comprehensive utilization of waste, we can improve the green level of production processes and technical equipment, improve the efficiency of resource and energy utilization, and promote the formation of a strong Chinese market. Therefore, "energy conservation, carbon reduction, transformation and upgrading" to make the best use of everything is one of the necessary means to achieve the dual carbon goal.
Since the establishment of the "three vertical and three horizontal" strategy of electric vehicles and taking fuel cells as the focus of national R & D for the first time, China's promotion policy for hydrogen fuel cells has experienced a process from adjustment to steady play.
In 2002, the "Tenth Five Year Plan" National High Tech Research and development plan (863 plan) established the "three vertical and three horizontal" R & D layout of electric vehicles with hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles as the "three vertical" and multi-energy powertrain control system, drive motor and power battery as the "three horizontal".
Tian Jiangnan told the financial associated press that hydrogen fuel cells were developed in the process of green hydrogen substitution, and the state positioned them as a branch in the field of hydrogen energy application. Hydrogen energy application fields include: hydrogen metallurgy, synthetic ammonia, synthetic methanol, petroleum reforming, petroleum refining, petroleum cracking, generator cooling, electronics industry, food industry, glass industry, hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen engine, etc.
In the past two years, with the requirements of the 14th five year plan and the double carbon goal, China's energy structure will face great adjustment, and the hydrogen energy source system will also change greatly. One important direction is the process of green hydrogen substitution. "Green hydrogen" refers to hydrogen production by electrolyzing water with renewable energy, "green hydrogen substitution" refers to hydrogen production by electrolyzing water with renewable energy to replace a large number of "black hydrogen" and "gray hydrogen" in the original hydrogen energy source system. After a certain proportion of green hydrogen substitution is completed, the route of carbon reduction and decarbonization in the field of hydrogen energy application can be realized. Hydrogen fuel cells can be used in transportation fields such as automobiles, trains and ships, as well as in fixed power stations, mobile power generation equipment and charge discharge energy storage equipment.
In 2019, the State Council wrote "promoting the construction of charging (hydrogenation) and other infrastructure" into the government work report for the first time, opening a new chapter in the development of hydrogen energy. In September 2020, the Ministry of finance, the Ministry of industry and information technology, the Ministry of science and technology, the national development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration officially jointly issued the notice on developing the demonstration application of fuel cell vehicles, and the demonstration period is tentatively scheduled for four years. During the demonstration period, the five departments will adopt the method of "replacing compensation with awards" to reward the areas shortlisted for the demonstration according to the completion of their objectives.
Tian Jiangnan believes that the rewards related to hydrogen energy are divided into rewards in the field of promotion and application of hydrogen fuel cells and rewards in the field of hydrogen energy supply. The difference from the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles is to adopt "reward instead of subsidy" to encourage hydrogen energy to be more accurate and focus on "spending money on the blade". First, it can effectively solve the problem of cheating compensation. Hydrogen energy "replacing compensation with awards" requires enterprises or urban agglomerations to issue awards only after passing the acceptance after operating under the specified conditions for a certain time. The second is to force the improvement of key technologies. The reward conditions set for hydrogen energy "replacing compensation with awards" are relatively higher than the current technical level.
In addition, the outline of the 14th five year plan also defines the important position of hydrogen energy as a potential industry in the future. In December 2021, the 14th five year plan for industrial green development issued by the Ministry of industry and information technology proposed to accelerate the technological innovation and infrastructure construction of hydrogen energy and promote the diversified utilization of hydrogen energy.
With the rise of hydrogen energy policy since the second half of 2021, the hydrogen energy industry in all parts of China has ushered in a development boom again. According to incomplete statistics, at present, 30 provinces and more than 150 cities in China have mentioned hydrogen energy development in their 14th five year plan, and more than 50 cities have issued special plans for the development of local hydrogen energy industry. According to statistics, in January 2022, 15 provinces and cities across the country issued 28 policies related to hydrogen energy. Shandong, Shanghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Ningxia, Tianjin, Zhejiang and Jiangsu all issued more than one hydrogen related policy in January.
