The development of new energy vehicles is the only way for China to move from a large automobile country to a powerful automobile country. As an important part of new energy vehicles, the recycling of power batteries is related to the healthy and sustainable development of new energy vehicle industry.
On February 22, the development report of Shanxi Guoxin Energy Corporation Limited(600617) automotive power battery recycling industry (2020) (hereinafter referred to as the report), jointly compiled by China Automotive Technology Research Center Co., Ltd. and Beijing University of technology, was officially released at the "2021 research results sharing meeting on comprehensive utilization of automotive resources". Wang pan, senior director of the Recycling Research Office of the ecological business department of China Automotive Data Co., Ltd., said at the meeting, "with the continuous emergence of business models such as the sharing of recycling system, the recycling of power batteries may take the form of centralized storage outlets and the transfer of batteries by individual users of new energy vehicles in the future."
the effect of power battery recycling management is initial
From the "accelerating the construction of power battery recycling system" first included in the 2021 government work report, to October 2021, the Ministry of industry and information technology proposed to accelerate the recycling of power batteries from the aspects of laws and policies, technology, standards and industry. In recent years, relevant departments of the Chinese government have attached great importance to the recycling of power batteries and made great efforts to build an institutional system for the whole life cycle of power batteries.
According to the report, up to now, China has issued more than 20 policy documents and national standards for the recycling of power batteries. Nearly 1000 upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain have been included in traceability management, basically realizing the full coverage of traceable vehicle management. At the same time, more than 10000 recycling service outlets have been established and 45 backbone enterprises in the comprehensive utilization industry have been cultivated.
With the active participation of governments at all levels and relevant enterprises, relevant enterprises in the upstream and downstream of the whole industrial chain actively perform their responsibilities, vigorously promote the whole life cycle traceability management of power batteries, build a recycling service network system nationwide, and disclose technical guidance information. China's implementation of power battery recycling management has achieved phased results
recycling is mainly divided into echelon utilization and recycling
From 2018 to 2020, the quality of Shanxi Guoxin Energy Corporation Limited(600617) automobile products has been significantly improved, the market share of medium and high-end models has increased, the industrial structure has been continuously optimized, more excellent enterprises and products have come to the fore, and backward enterprises have accelerated their elimination. "From the recycling sources, it can be seen that the recycling of power batteries has gradually changed from the waste batteries produced by R & D tests in the early stage to the retired batteries of new energy vehicles." Wang Pan said, "with the continuous emergence of business models such as the sharing of recycling system, in the future, the recycling of power batteries may take the form of centralized storage outlets and the handover of batteries by individual users of new energy vehicles."
The reporter learned that power battery recycling is mainly divided into echelon utilization and recycling. On the one hand, at present, echelon utilization products have been commercialized in the fields of communication base station power backup, energy storage and low-speed vehicles. "With the emergence of mature business models aimed at replacing lead-acid batteries, the application of retired batteries in the form of whole package will be an effective way to improve the economy of the whole echelon of utilization." Wang Pan said. On the other hand, with the gradual maturity of resource utilization technology represented by hydrometallurgy and the acceleration of the industrialization of repair process, the whole recycling industry is developing towards large-scale and centralization.
At present, more than 10000 new energy recycling service points have been established in the central part of Beijing, Tianjin and the Pearl River Delta, which basically meet the current demand of consumers for new energy recycling
overcome the technical bottleneck from production to recycling
The report deeply analyzes the overall technical path of power battery manufacturing, disassembly, echelon utilization and recycling from a professional perspective, and introduces the development status of new technologies and the goals of enterprises in the future.
Taking battery manufacturing technology as an example, the report said that in order to meet the current industrial demand, battery enterprises actively develop high-energy, high-power and new batteries. In the future, enterprises will further strengthen the design of easy recycling and comprehensively improve the safety of battery system. Among them, in terms of battery pretreatment technology, although the technologies of automatic disassembly, crushing and sorting and intelligent dissociation have made rapid progress, it seems that there are still some technical bottlenecks. In the future, enterprises will further break through the technical bottleneck of automatic disassembly of retired batteries and focus on improving the environmental protection and efficiency of disassembly and crushing process.
As for the recycling of power batteries, Wang Pan said that in terms of echelon utilization technology, in the future, enterprises will do a good job in the process flow of residual energy detection, disassembly and reorganization, performance test, coding and identification, operation monitoring and so on, strive to break through the key technology of echelon utilization of power batteries, and improve the analysis method based on the historical data of "white box"; In terms of recycling technology, hydrometallurgy process is still the current mainstream technology. In the future, we will further focus on breaking through the key technologies of efficient recovery of materials such as diaphragm and electrolyte, and tackle the high-value utilization technology of materials for low residual value batteries.
