On February 21, the Chinese government website officially announced the national plan for the development of the cause of aging and the elderly care service system during the 14th five year plan (hereinafter referred to as the plan), which was recently issued by the State Council. Focusing on promoting the coordinated development of the cause of aging and Industry and promoting the high-quality development of the elderly care service system, it defined the overall requirements, main objectives and work tasks during the 14th Five Year Plan period.
The plan has deployed nine specific tasks, including strengthening the social security and comprehensive elderly care service network, expanding the coverage of inclusive elderly care services, strengthening the ability of home-based community elderly care services, improving the elderly health support system, vigorously developing the silver economy, practicing the positive concept of aging, creating an elderly friendly social environment, and enhancing the support system of development factors, Safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly. Among them, the plan clearly requires that more drugs for chronic diseases be included in the centralized procurement, so as to reduce the drug burden of the elderly.
According to the data of the seventh census, in 2020, China’s population aged 60 and over was 264.02 million, accounting for 18.70%, of which the population aged 65 and over was 190.64 million, accounting for 13.50%. At the same time, from 2010 to 2020, the proportion of people aged 60 and over increased by 5.44 percentage points, and the proportion of people aged 65 and over increased by 4.63 percentage points. Compared with the previous 10 years, the increase rate has increased by 2.51 and 2.72 percentage points respectively, and the speed of population aging has accelerated significantly.
implement a gradual delay in the retirement age
The plan proposes to continuously expand the coverage of basic old-age insurance. Realize the national overall planning of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees as soon as possible. Implement a gradual extension of the legal retirement age. We will implement a reasonable adjustment mechanism for basic pensions and adjust the basic pension standards for urban and rural residents in a timely and appropriate manner. We will vigorously develop enterprise annuities and occupational annuities, increase the coverage of enterprise annuities, promote and standardize the development of the third pillar of old-age insurance, and promote the development of individual pensions.
At the same time, the plan also requires to improve the basic medical insurance policy, gradually realize the direct settlement of outpatient expenses across provinces, expand the reimbursement scope of chronic disease drugs for the elderly, and bring more chronic disease drugs into the centralized procurement, so as to reduce the drug burden of the elderly.
Wang Xiaolu, deputy director of the National Economic Research Institute, said in an interview with the reporter of the daily economic news that realizing the national overall planning of the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees can expand the coverage of the basic old-age insurance, further narrow the income gap between regions and industries of the elderly population, and enable the people of the whole country to share the fruits of social and economic development.
After the national endowment insurance planning, does it mean that the pensions we get are basically the same? Wang Xiaolu told reporters that the national planning of basic old-age insurance does not mean that everyone has the same amount of pensions. The current basic old-age insurance adopts the combination of social planning and personal accounts, and the fund-raising is jointly borne by the state, units and individuals. “Therefore, even if the whole country plans as a whole, it does not mean that everyone receives the same amount of pensions.”
The reporter of the daily economic news found that recently, the national development and Reform Commission and other departments issued the public service plan for the 14th five year plan, which proposed that by 2025, the public service system will be more perfect, the public service supply pattern of basic government guarantee, diversified social participation and joint construction and sharing by the whole people will be basically formed, and the well-being of people’s livelihood will reach a new level. Among them, in terms of providing for the elderly, it is proposed that the participation rate of basic old-age insurance reaches 95%, so as to realize the national overall planning of basic old-age insurance.
support social forces to build elderly care institutions
In terms of expanding the coverage of inclusive elderly care services, the plan proposes to deepen the pilot reform results of home-based and community elderly care services during the 13th Five Year Plan period, cultivate a number of community elderly care service institutions focusing on care, radiating around the community and giving consideration to door-to-door services, and promote centralized management, operation, standardization and brand development. Support community elderly care service institutions to build and operate family elderly care beds and extend services to families.
The plan requires that property enterprises be supported to give play to their advantages of being close to residents and cooperate with community elderly care service institutions to provide home-based elderly care services. At the township (street) level, build a regional elderly care service center with the functions of full-time care, day care, door-to-door service, supply and demand connection, resource planning and so on. By 2025, the establishment rate of regional elderly care service centers at the township (street) level will reach 60%, which will complement the functions of community elderly care service institutions and jointly build a “quarter hour” home-based elderly care service circle.
Zhu Lijia, Professor of the teaching and Research Department of public management of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (National Academy of administration), said in an interview with the reporter of daily economic news that the speed of aging in China is accelerating. An important measure to deal with aging is to expand the supply of inclusive elderly care services, especially to form a network system represented by community home-based elderly care services. “At present, there is still an imbalance in the supply of elderly care services between different regions, which is also one of the problems that need to be solved in the future.”
Chen Wenhua, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese people’s Political Consultative Conference, suggested that the government should further increase investment to make the inclusive pension policy benefit more Lbx Pharmacy Chain Joint Stock Company(603883) . In addition, we should seize the entry point of rural revitalization, develop and expand the village level collective economy, and let grass-roots organizations have more financial resources to invest in rural pension. Of course, it also needs the joint efforts of the society.
The plan also mentioned that social forces should be supported to build specialized, large-scale elderly care institutions with outstanding medical and nursing integration ability, and promote them to play an exemplary and leading role in the standardization and improvement of long-term care service standards, the cultivation and reserve of professionals, information-based intelligent management services, the promotion and application of rehabilitation aids, etc. Support elderly care institutions to provide professional care services for the special needs of the mentally retarded elderly.
