On January 10, 2022, the "double carbon new track and new energy opportunities - 2021 China double Carbon Energy Development Summit Forum" was successfully held. The round table forum with the theme of "energy transformation road" was presided over by Zhou Tao, general manager of China energy network. Many heavyweight guests in the energy field spoke freely. The participants believed that the power generation systems of wind power and photovoltaic were unstable, If new energy wants to develop rapidly on the premise of ensuring energy security, energy storage is a key role. At present, the cost of lithium battery and hydrogen energy storage is high. Wind solar energy storage can form a relatively stable system to deal with future energy security problems.
upstream and downstream imbalance of energy industry chain
In 2021, the price of bulk commodities rose sharply, and the energy industry was faced with a sharp rise in costs. The pressure was transmitted to the downstream, and even price inversion and losses of downstream enterprises occurred
Risen Energy Co.Ltd(300118) president sun yuemao
During the round table forum, sun yuemao, President of Risen Energy Co.Ltd(300118) , said that the price of raw materials in the photovoltaic industry fluctuated sharply in 2021. Although it was a little unexpected, it was also expected. The photovoltaic industry basically follows the principle of supply and demand. The development cycle of the photovoltaic industry chain is different. The development cycle of the upstream is longer and the downstream is faster, resulting in a time difference. From December 2021, the price of silicon wafers began to decline, and the imbalance between supply and demand should be gradually alleviated this year.
"From the development of photovoltaic industry in recent years, the general trend must be the continuous decline of kWh cost." According to Tang Zhengkai, marketing director of China, the price increase last year was caused by the short-term imbalance between upstream and downstream supply and demand of the photovoltaic industry, mainly due to the slow expansion cycle of silicon material production. This layout has been determined in 2020, and the continuous release of silicon material production capacity will meet the short-term market demand. In 2021, the overall silicon material will be about 180gw, and it is expected to reach 250gw in 2022. It is expected to achieve a tight balance between supply and demand. There will be no shortage like last year, but we should also be vigilant against the supply problems of EVA adhesive film or other links.
Not only the photovoltaic industry, natural gas also experienced a sharp rise in price in 2021. Zhao Jishi, a scientific and technological consultant of Foran Energy Group Co.Ltd(002911) group, said that the price of natural gas is rising and the demand for supply is also growing. As an energy unit, Foran Energy Group Co.Ltd(002911) undertakes the task of ensuring the development of local economy and industry. Under the pressure of guaranteed supply, the price of natural gas has been upside down, which puts great pressure on Foran Energy Group Co.Ltd(002911) .
enterprises start carbon reduction action
After the state put forward the dual carbon goal, the enterprise not only changed its concept, but also paid more attention to low-carbon and carbon reduction in the actual product design and construction.
"We have taken the first step in reducing carbon." Sun yuemao said that Risen Energy Co.Ltd(300118) launched the steel frame last October. The power consumption of the steel frame is one sixth of that of the aluminum frame, and the carbon emission is one third of that of the aluminum frame. In the design of various photovoltaic products in the future, Risen Energy Co.Ltd(300118) will also adhere to the low-carbon principle and make more low-carbon products. The photovoltaic industry should not only produce new energy, but also shoulder the responsibility of carbon reduction and environmental protection.
Carbon reduction also promotes the technological progress of enterprises. Tang Zhengkai also mentioned, "Photovoltaic modules are the key link between the upstream of the supply chain and the downstream of the application, Trina Solar Co.Ltd(688599) Recently, we are also communicating with many customers. Especially when the price rose last year, many owners and investors are worried about whether the original income can be achieved and whether the task can be completed. Therefore, many enterprises will focus on technology optimization and scheme optimization to improve the profitability of the power station from many aspects. In the future, various efficient technologies, including n-type battery and tracking system, may shine. "
Li Huaien, President of CIMC Hydrogen Energy Research Institute
Li Huaien, President of CIMC Hydrogen Energy Research Institute under CIMC Enrico, said that after the release of the general background concept of the national dual carbon strategy, the company has recently carried out a lot of transformation and upgrading in the links of product design, manufacturing and use, and made a lot of efforts in reducing energy consumption and improving product energy efficiency. Recently, CIMC Enrico has a factory in Nantong, which has passed the certification of green factory in Jiangsu Province, including five standards: intensive land, low-carbon energy, harmless raw materials, resource utilization of waste and clean manufacturing. Each standard is closely related to reducing cost and carbon intensity. Many factories in China will move towards the goal of low-carbon in the future.
Some energy companies have also been looking for the direction of low-carbon transformation. Zhao Jishi said that from 2020, Foran Energy Group Co.Ltd(002911) wants to expand in the upstream and transform to do some cleaner energy direction, and finally selected the hydrogen energy field. Hydrogen energy and photovoltaic are a natural combination. The technical route of hydrogen production from electrolytic water or electricity to gas is mature. At present, what to do is to reduce the cost, use photovoltaic electricity to produce hydrogen and try new energy utilization methods.
achieve the dual carbon goal on the premise of energy security
China is the world's largest energy consumer. At present, China's energy security supply situation is more severe. Over the past year since the dual carbon target was put forward, new situations and problems such as soaring coal prices and power shortage have emerged in the market. In the process of carbon reduction, the importance of energy security deserves attention.
Sun yuemao mentioned, "I have been in the photovoltaic industry for 12 years and witnessed the process from very high cost to almost parity. In the past two years, a hundred flowers bloom in technology, and photovoltaic is still a very promising industry. However, the power generation system of wind power and photovoltaic is not stable, and energy storage plays a key role in the rapid development of new energy on the premise of ensuring energy security. Although the cost of energy storage is relatively low at present Higher, but according to the current development speed, it is believed that it will decline in a few years. The combination of scenery and energy storage can form a relatively stable system to deal with the security of energy in the future. "
In Tang Zhengkai's view, energy security should be considered at the highest level. Photovoltaic is getting better and better in security. China's photovoltaic now not only has large ground photovoltaic power stations, but also distributed and household photovoltaic. In 2021, the country launched the whole county promotion mode, and more state-owned and central enterprises began to do household photovoltaic, This will put forward higher requirements for the quality and management details of distributed power station construction.
Zhao Jianqing, associate professor of the school of energy of Suzhou University, analyzed that at the academic level, we should pay more attention to industrialization. New materials, new systems and new technologies should be synchronized with enterprises, so as to improve production efficiency. As the price of lithium carbonate has been rising recently and the cost of lithium-ion battery has increased, the cost pressure of lithium-ion battery applied to large-scale energy storage will be great. In 2021, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co.Limited(300750) proposed sodium ion battery, and a new energy storage system was established. The upstream raw materials are no longer controlled by foreign raw materials, and the dual carbon strategy can not be controlled by external resources. The new energy storage system is still in the process of industrialization, but the construction of this system needs to be strengthened to ensure the industrialized application. In addition, in terms of carbon reduction, academia has been studying many new technologies, including the conversion of carbon dioxide and the real industrialization of hydrogen energy. If technological breakthroughs are achieved, the pressure of double carbon will be much less in the future.
Zhao Jishi said that photovoltaic power generation and hydropower have certain volatility, but the energy storage part can't keep up. At present, the cost is still relatively high, so we should look for cheaper energy storage methods. Foran Energy Group Co.Ltd(002911) hydrogen energy is also developing recently, and we want to establish the integration of source, network, load and storage.
Li Huaien said that hydrogen energy has great advantages in carbon emission reduction, especially green hydrogen produced in combination with renewable energy. Only water is discharged in the end use link. It also has many advantages in energy storage, such as large-scale and long-term storage, but the biggest problem restricting hydrogen energy storage is the high cost of storage and transportation. At present, the most commercialized and mature technology is the storage of high-pressure hydrogen, but the transportation efficiency is very low. At present, CIMC Enrico has launched new products in this regard, which will double the efficiency of storage and transportation. In the future, technological changes will be made in more hydrogen energy products to improve the efficiency of hydrogen application in storage, transportation and processing.
