280 yuan for a "medical certificate of resident death", 120 yuan for a "cremation certificate", 450 yuan for a "Notice of critical illness and serious illness". The inspection report, diagnosis certificate and hospitalization certificate are charged by piece, with one or two hundred yuan
Recently, Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter found that in some platforms, it is easy to buy forged important documents "customized by private people" for only a few hundred yuan. Some sellers even said that "it can be opened everywhere in the country and official seals can be covered everywhere", which makes people shudder
the picture shows forged critical illness notice. Picture provided by the interviewee
"death certificate" can also be "customized"
some merchants received more than 40 orders in the morning
On an e-commerce platform, forged important documents such as "death certificate" and "critical illness notice" are being secretly sold. The reporter searched on several e-commerce platforms with the keyword "death certificate" and did not find relevant stores, but after changing to keywords such as "certificate" and "medical record", many relevant stores appeared immediately.
The reporter randomly contacted 9 stores and asked whether the customer service could open a "death certificate". Two stores clearly said they could not do it, and another 7 said they could handle relevant "certificates". A customer service implicitly said that "we have everything we want" and sent a wechat signal, suggesting that the reporter should add wechat "private chat".
The customer service of a store told reporters that it can customize the "death certificate" according to the demand. It only needs to provide information such as name, nationality and cause of death. The two templates sent are signed by a medical institution and a local police station respectively. "280 yuan for a copy without seal, 100 yuan is required to customize the seal according to the demand."
How true is the "proof"? Will it be seen through? In the face of the reporter's doubts, some businessmen said that most of them are made very real by engraving seals instead of PS. as long as they are not used for judicial appraisal, "we just eat this bowl of rice. We have been doing this for three or four years, and there has never been anything found out". After the production, the merchant also took photos and sent them to the reporter for confirmation, and said they could mail them home.
In addition to the "death certificate", other important documents are also within the scope of sales. One shop told reporters that it could produce disease certificates issued by various hospitals across the country. As long as you provide the patient's identity, hospital and other information, you can obtain the "critical illness notice", "you can also issue a" one-stop package "such as hospitalization certificate, inspection report and diagnosis certificate, with prices ranging from 800 yuan to 4000 yuan." The reporter then contacted a hospital on the template provided by the merchant. The hospital said it was unaware of this, and all kinds of certificates provided outside the hospital were false.
Some merchants even said that "cremation certificates" all over the country can be provided, one for only 120 yuan. Businessmen claim that their own advantage is that "Zhang Zi is engraved and covered now, which is more real than other families". When the reporter asked whether it could be used for bank or public security system certification, the merchant responded, "this is risky."
Many stores said that "business is good", and one of them said that it received more than 40 orders in only one morning.
forged certificate "widely used":
cheat fund-raising, cheat guarantee, cheat inheritance right and evade criminal responsibility
Although the forged certificates issued by merchants have various styles and even incomplete basic information, they are still "widely used".
defraud sympathy and online fund-raising. A businessman told reporters that he would not be found when he went online to "cheat some fundraising" with a "critical notice".
The reporter found that the use of online sales of false certificates to defraud money does exist. Previously, a woman in Chongqing forged relevant materials such as leukemia diagnosis certificate and death certificate of two children through an Internet platform, concocted the "experience" of "her husband and children died one after another and she suffered from advanced leukemia", and used forged materials to launch online fund-raising on an online service platform, defrauding more than 90000 yuan in less than a year.
"If some platforms have insufficient information review ability or lax control, it is easy to cause fraud." Wu Guobang, a researcher at the legal methodology research center of China University of political science and law, said.
cheat insurance and even cheat inheritance rights. the reporter's investigation found that someone had previously purchased forged parents\' death certificates and other documents from the intermediary, transferred their parents\' real estate to their own name, and made a secondary mortgage of 5.1 million yuan to obtain illegitimate interests. Even some women are still at work, but they have become "dead" of the Social Security Bureau. The reason is that their husband took the balance of the woman's personal endowment insurance account, funeral subsidies and pensions, totaling more than 110000 yuan, by forging death certificates and other materials.
Previously, a man turned his living father into a "dead father" in some places. After providing the materials of death certificate, burial certificate and family relationship certificate, he applied for more than 80000 yuan of death compensation. Later, it was verified that the man's father was still alive, and the supporting materials previously provided were forged.
The interviewed experts believe that it is difficult for ordinary people to identify the authenticity of documents in cases such as fraudulent insurance, fraudulent inheritance rights and private disputes. Those who forge documents are likely to defraud illegitimate interests and even evade relevant responsibilities, which is very bad in nature.
evade legal responsibility. at the end of last year, the news that a man got a death certificate for himself in order to avoid punishment and was finally sentenced to 12 years of combined punishment for several crimes aroused widespread public attention. The man in the case was investigated and punished after defrauding others of 1.92 million yuan. After seeing the advertisement for handling false certificates, he decided to buy forged "death certificate" and "cremation certificate" from the Internet, so as to eliminate the death case and evade legal sanctions. The man sent forged "death certificate" and other documents to the court before the court session, which was finally clearly recognized by the judge.
In 2021, a woman in Guangdong also forged a "death certificate" to evade punishment. At the end of November, she was arrested. During her imprisonment, she evaded punishment by going on bail for medical treatment and forging a death certificate. After 11 years of investigation, the police arrested her in August last year.
expert: force the platform to "defend its territory"
completely eradicate the "dark document market"
Hu Gang, Deputy Secretary General of the legal work committee of the China Internet association, and other experts believe that the sale of forged "death certificates" and other important documents through the Internet has seriously damaged social integrity, promoted crimes and brought unpredictable risks to the society. The "dark document market" should be completely eradicated.
Wu Guobang said that at present, China has not established a unified document information management system. The names and formats of various documents vary according to time, industry, region and level. Therefore, it is difficult to identify the authenticity of documents, which can only be confirmed by the main unit of documents or completed through judicial expertise. "Relevant departments should constantly strengthen supervision and control the production and sale of fake goods from the source."
Hu Gang believes that the convenience of online shopping of fake documents shows the low cost of counterfeiting and the maturity of the "ash production chain" behind it.
Experts remind that businesses may be suspected of forging, altering, buying and selling official documents, certificates and seals of state organs; The buyer's purchase of fake documents itself is suspected of the crime of purchasing official documents and seals of state organs. If the buyer commits an illegal act with fake documents and causes infringement consequences, it shall bear civil fraud liability at least, and criminal legal liability for the crime of fraud at the same time.
The public security organs should investigate and deal with the relevant sellers and buyers according to law when such acts are exposed, so as to increase the illegal cost of buying and selling "death certificates" and other forged documents, so that the relevant personnel dare not and cannot do so.
In addition, Wu Guobang and others believe that only by forcing the platform to be "responsible" can it form long-term and dynamic supervision on such problems. In order to prevent illegal businesses from making a comeback after cracking down on governance, the platform should use technical means to strengthen screening, achieve dynamic monitoring of violations, and resolutely crack down on and ban platforms specializing in violations.
While relevant departments resolutely crack down on the platform and fulfill their regulatory responsibilities, individuals should also improve their awareness of prevention and avoid falling into the trap of "fake documents".
CNR:
the "dark document market" must be one pot
Under a false certificate, the living can "die" and the healthy can "be critically ill". People who buy fake goods regard them as "money spinners" and "amulets". They hide from punishment, cheat insurance and cheat donations, opportunistic exploit loopholes, stir up a miasma, seriously undermine social integrity, contribute to the wind of law and crime, and bring many risks to the society.
Why can false proof be popular? The key is that the person receiving it has no ability or way to distinguish its authenticity. For example, in front of a false certificate of critical illness, how many people know what the real certificate looks like? From this point of view, "false documents" are unscrupulous. In fact, they directly attack the "weakness" of information sharing. Without a unified document information management system, the "true appearance" has not entered thousands of households, and there is no way to "test the truth", so that people with ulterior motives have the confidence to make and sell fake and confuse the fake with the real.
Both sides are responsible for seeking "true profit" with "false evidence". Experts remind that businesses may be suspected of forging, altering, buying and selling official documents, certificates and seals of state organs; The buyer's purchase of fake documents itself is suspected of the crime of purchasing official documents and seals of state organs. Article 13 of the e-commerce law clearly stipulates that e-commerce operators "shall not sell or provide goods or services prohibited by laws and administrative regulations". Then, "fake documents" are popular. Behind the mature "ash production chain", it exposes not only the indifference of the awareness of trading methods, but also the failure of the responsibilities of relevant departments.
It is imperative to completely eradicate the "dark document market", which is inseparable from the concerted efforts of multiple departments. Relevant departments should speed up information sharing, improve the ability of "truth verification" with digital integration, and eradicate the soil for the survival of "false documents"; Law enforcement departments should strengthen supervision and strengthen law enforcement, so as to deter those who buy or sell forged documents by law; The network platform should be responsible, strengthen the screening ability of false certificates and false documents, and block the trading channel of "dark document market". So many measures can be taken at the same time, or we can eliminate the false and preserve the true, and achieve "one pot end" for the "dark document market".
(source: Daily Economic News)
