How to use digital technology to comprehensively and systematically reshape the system and mechanism, organizational framework, methods and processes, means and tools of county governance is an important topic at present.
Wen Xiaokang · China xiaokang.com reporter Zhou Yu
In Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, 26 Village (community) clinics with a large service population have set up remote health consultation machines. More than 70000 patients with chronic diseases such as H-type hypertension and more than 4000 patients with stroke are "centrally managed" online. The intelligent elderly care platform automatically generates a service order for each elderly person and automatically sends it to the nearby "conch girl". In Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 1.3 billion pieces of data from 58 departments such as agriculture, rural areas, civil affairs and transportation, 579 types of GIS data and 100000 associated building models have been built into a rural governance database to promote the co construction and sharing of rural governance data resources. In Lankao County, Henan Province, through cooperation with e-commerce banks, the government provides farmers with pure credit, unsecured and guarantee free digital credit financial services of "3 minutes of application, 1 second of lending and 0 manual intervention".
The national "14th five year plan" and the long-term goal outline for 2035 make specific arrangements for "accelerating digital development and building a digital China". As the basic unit and front-line headquarters of the national strategy, how to use digital technology to comprehensively and systematically reshape the system and mechanism, organizational framework, methods and processes, means and tools of county governance is an important topic at present.
In order to comprehensively present the level of China's County digital governance, deeply reveal the development trend and decode the leading cases, the list of "top 100 counties and cities in China's digital governance in 2021" was released recently. Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, Shunde District, Guangdong Province, Yuhang District, Zhejiang Province, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, Nanhai District, Guangdong Province, Yinzhou District, Anji County, Zhejiang Province, Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province Lin'an District of Zhejiang Province was ranked among the top ten.
The service mode has changed from function driven to demand driven, the governance mode has changed from one-way governance to co construction and sharing governance, the decision-making mode has changed from human analysis to intelligent decision-making, and the operation mode has changed from government led to socialized operation. The list can not only reveal the evolution trend of digital governance, It can better decode the distinctive characteristics of the times of digital governance from the fresh county practice.
From digital government to overall intelligent governance
Whether theoretical research or practical exploration, digital governance is in the stage of in-depth exploration and active development. In the past, digital governance mainly focused on the digital transformation of government centered social governance in the field of public management. Now, digital technology is fully integrated into all fields and the whole process of economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization construction with new ideas, new formats and new models.
The concept of digital governance selected in the list of "top 100 counties and cities of China's digital governance in 2021" includes not only the digitization of governance, but also the digitization of governance. From the three dimensions of digital government services, digital public services and digital industrial services, it includes digital government office, digital government and enterprise services, digital medical treatment, digital travel, digital education, social security, convenience services 12 secondary indicators such as digital finance were analyzed for the whole network data, and more than 100 million pieces of objective information were collected in the whole process. Finally, the ranking was weighted by four items: network data analysis, county special research, social public attitude and expert review opinions.
Enabling social governance through digital and intelligent means to make social governance more efficient, scientific, transparent, democratic, diverse, inclusive and refined; Take effective strategies and measures to ensure that the implementation effect and value of the county economic and social digital reform are maximized, and enhance the ability of intellectual governance in the whole region. Deqing County, which ranks first in the list, deserves its name.
Deqing County, Huzhou City, located in the center of Hangjiahu Plain in the Yangtze River Delta, faces Shanghai in the East and Hangzhou in the south. It has been selected as one of the top 100 counties in China for 17 consecutive years and a national civilized city with the achievement of No. 1 county in China. Since the beginning of this year, according to the "152" working system of digital reform in Zhejiang Province, Deqing County has taken the "three lists" of major needs, multi scenario applications and reform tasks as the main line logic, adhered to the practical guidance of good use, and tackled 47 provincial major applications and 6 county characteristic applications with the "Jingyi refinement" plan, and achieved the results of digital reform and application with Deqing characteristics Theoretical and institutional achievements.
On the front line of serving the masses, "zhelizhihui · basic public services" in Deqing County has been listed as the "best application" of the provincial digital society system in Zhejiang Province. Aiming at the problems of people's ignorance, ambiguity and inconvenience of basic public services, 95 basic public services in 11 categories have been delivered to people's daily life through accurate service matching, intelligent push and fast direct access, Ensure that the masses should enjoy and know. Presented in the main battlefield of economic development, a major application called "GEP accounting auxiliary decision-making and ecological value transformation" has been launched. The priceless ecosystem has been "valued" to calculate the "ecological account" by digital means, forming functional applications such as ecological compensation, GEP financial loan, ecological green currency, natural resource departure audit, ecological restoration and carbon neutralization, Comprehensively speed up and unblock the transformation channel of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains". It is at the forefront of grass-roots governance. In view of the problems such as difficult management of engineering vehicles, illegal dumping of construction waste and muck and damage to the environment, the application of "one thing" of Engineering muck has achieved remarkable results. Through the full cycle digital management service of "two soils and one vehicle" of Engineering muck, it promotes the accurate governance of all elements, whole process and full closed loop in the field of muck industry. Since the application went online, it has absorbed 7.6 million cubic meters of excavated materials inside and outside the county, handled 2547 cases involving engineering residue and soil, and punished 5914 illegal vehicles, a year-on-year decrease of 38% and 58% respectively.
The creation of an integrated and intelligent public service platform provides comprehensive support for the extension of Deqing digital governance to the countryside. Deqing took the lead in launching the construction of the country's first provincial standard for digital village construction, and "one picture of digital village" was selected into the national guide to digital village construction 1.0. At present, the application of "one map of digital village" has been implemented in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan and Guangdong.
"The fundamental purpose is to make 550000 people have a more obvious sense of gain, happiness and security." Ao Yuxin, Secretary of Deqing County Party committee, understands that the digital reform is to promote industrial change, social change, governance change and the relationship between government and enterprises and government and society with digitization. It is not only an efficient collaboration within the government, but also an efficient collaboration between the government and enterprises, between the government and the masses, and between enterprises and the masses, "Therefore, we solicit demand from enterprises and the masses in the county, look for and sort out high-frequency matters and common problems from the demand, ensure that the reform runs to solve practical problems, and ensure that more practical and effective applications enter the grass-roots level, enterprises and the masses."
In this process, Deqing County innovated and launched the "reform observer" system, mobilized the "two representatives and one member" and enthusiastic people to experience the evaluation and feedback on the reform project site, so as to help the continuous iterative improvement of various digital applications; Relying on the development advantages of geographic information industry, we have organized geographic information town enterprises to actively integrate into digital reform. More than 40 enterprises have played an important role in application development and component sharing.
"Eyes down" "feet forward"
Respecting the dominant position of the people in governance, taking the needs of the people as the guide, and providing more inclusive, convenient, high-quality and efficient digital services are the core characteristics of the selected counties and cities.
By breaking the departmental barriers and providing a Wuxi Online Offline Communication Information Technology Co.Ltd(300959) service experience of "one door, one network and one time", more and more counties and cities have realized the non differentiated and one-stop handling of government services across regions, levels and multiple channels, so that the people can truly feel a reliable "overall government".
Instead of running to the government service hall in the city, county residents also have their own livelihood services. In September this year, the first county citizen center in Jiangsu Province was launched. Taicang citizens can do business only by Alipay search "too e office". The platform has access to 32 Departments in the city, and 63 service projects such as provident fund, medical treatment, education, transportation and social security are the most frequently used by the people. It also innovated and launched the "one thing" featured service column: citizens can handle one thing at a time: one thing for birth, one thing for new house occupancy, one thing for second-hand house water and electricity transfer, one thing for resident charging pile installation, etc.
"The purpose is to make Lbx Pharmacy Chain Joint Stock Company(603883) less running, less downloading and more direct access through digital technology." Chen Yu, head of Alipay's Ministry of government, enterprise and people's livelihood, said.
In fact, behind the transformation from government supply orientation to people's demand orientation, in addition to the transformation of governance concept to test the effectiveness of government affairs with the people's "love or not", it is more important to practice the "internal skill" of digital governance.
The so-called "internal skill" includes, on the one hand, the accelerated promotion of the integrated mobile office platform, the formation of the district and county unified office scene oriented collaborative ability from the top-level design, and the construction of an intensive and efficient unified entrance, unified account, unified communication, unified process, unified security and unified standard collaborative office basic platform from the source; On the other hand, it refers to the accelerated promotion of data Unicom to promote government data sharing by means of establishing public data collection management, implementing undifferentiated General Department acceptance, and promoting cross departmental business cooperation and Unicom.
Based on the first mover advantage of digitization, Yuhang District of Hangzhou even established the "digital government section" in July this year, focusing on epidemic prevention and control, scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, regional coordinated development, ecological civilization Major tasks in 12 aspects such as production safety, strengthen five government functions such as economic regulation, market supervision, social governance, public services and ecological environmental protection, and the "digital government section" has become a "hard core" guarantee for digital governance in Yuhang District.
Government, enterprise and society jointly build, share and govern
In the practice of counties selected in the list, "Scene application" is a high-frequency word.
Yuhang District of Hangzhou has established a "seed reserve bank", "innovation incubation bank", "key cultivation bank" and "leading bank". The four banks are updated iteratively and managed in a rolling manner to apply mature digital governance application scenarios to daily life.
In order to promote the application of digital governance scenarios in cities and counties, Sichuan province takes the provincial innovation competition as the platform to discover and mine excellent digital government innovation application scenarios.
Behind the application of more digital governance scenarios is the result of collaborative cooperation among government, enterprises and society. From the provincial level, Zhejiang political nail cooperated with Alibaba in Zhejiang Province and Guangdong Provincial affairs cooperated with Tencent in Guangdong Province are in a leading position in the country. These brands have effectively alleviated the problems of traditional information project construction, such as "falling behind upon completion", lack of follow-up operation, and unable to continuously improve the system. Digital governance is changing from procurement engineering to procurement services.
Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province is a typical case. With "hometown of Chinese apples" and "hometown of Chinese burdock", making Shenzhen Agricultural Products Group Co.Ltd(000061) out of the village and into the city through digital technology is an important part of the overall intellectual governance of Feng county.
By introducing the technology, data, financial and other service resources provided by Alibaba digital village business department and giving full play to the industrial driving force of local service providers, Fengxian County has established a "1 + 1 + n" market-oriented operation mechanism to provide all-round digital services for local county characteristic Shenzhen Agricultural Products Group Co.Ltd(000061) production, processing, warehousing, logistics, brand and certification, so as to truly realize production, supply, marketing The whole link of agricultural industry and consumption is fully networked.
Government enterprise cooperation is also reflected in public services. Through cooperation with Iflytek Co.Ltd(002230) and other companies, Fengxian County has carried out a pilot of precision and personalized wisdom education, and more students have listened to "famous teacher Courses"; Establish a national health database covering a population of 900000, and build a remote consultation system integrating urban and rural areas. Through "town and Village Inspection and county-level diagnosis", villagers can see the "expert number" at home; Through the establishment of intelligent human settlements monitoring platform, online remote real-time monitoring of 363 rural settlements, 14 town level waste transfer stations and 671 large-scale farms in the county is realized, and the urban and rural appearance is clean and refreshing.
Inclusive technology bridging the digital divide
The practice of Fengxian County represents the characteristics of most counties and cities in the list - digital government services, digital public services and digital industrial services are constantly extending to the last kilometer of the countryside.
"The difference caused by the digital divide has become China's' fourth largest difference 'after the' three differences' of urban-rural differences, industrial and agricultural differences and brain and body differences." According to Fu rongxiao, Professor of the school of public administration of Zhejiang University, researcher of Zhejiang digital development and governance research center and director of the Institute of digital government and governance, in the promotion of grass-roots digital governance, it is particularly important to give full play to the power of technology inclusiveness and bridge the digital gap between urban and rural areas.
The prominent weakness of social governance lies in the countryside, and the level of rural governance determines the level of the whole social governance system.
In Jiande City, Zhejiang Province, the picture of "digital village" is getting better and better: Taking the national rural governance system construction pilot as an opportunity, Jiande has created the country's first fully implemented "rural nail" digital platform. The city's 16 townships (streets), 288 villages (communities) and 220000 rural population information are basically "nail", and the degree of Rural Network Organization ranks in the forefront of the country.
In view of the low enthusiasm of villagers to participate in governance, Jiande used the "village nail" to explore the "good ledger" mechanism, established an online "ledger" for each household, and included 11 matters such as garbage classification, love and public welfare and dispute resolution into point management. Villagers obtained points by scanning the two-dimensional code and uploading the completion. At the same time, integrate rural commercial banks, supermarkets, hospitals and other resources in the town, nest the "good ledger" points with credit data, and form incentive packages such as good governance loans, good consumption vouchers and good physical examination forms. After the operation of "beautiful ledger", the participation rate of villagers in public affairs increased from 56% to 82%.
In Suichang County, Zhejiang Province, the digital application of "rural credit" has built a complete rural natural person credit scoring system. Zhang Wengui, a villager of zhedaikou inter Township Xiacun village, has been enthusiastic about the major and minor events in the village recently, helping to pick up garbage and doing public welfare. "On the one hand, it helps the village do something, and more importantly, it can earn 'Suixin points'." Originally, Zhang Wengui took a fancy to a stone frog breeding project, but he suffered from not having enough start-up funds. "Now he has accumulated 50 points. According to this rhythm, he can get the loan through Suixin point's credit rating at the end of the year."
"In the construction of digital countryside, we should implement the digital dividend and use digital means to enhance the majority of farmers' sense of acquisition, happiness and security." Lai Huineng, vice president of well-off magazine and national pilot evaluation expert of digital countryside in Zhejiang Province, said.
Lufeng County, Shanwei City, Guangdong Province guided litchi growers to solve the problem of financing through online business loans and other credit services; By introducing the third-party operation team Xingtan orange in Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Lin'an pecan industry is gradually realizing the digital transformation of the whole industrial chain from production management, circulation marketing, industrial supervision to public services, driving people to increase income and become rich; Yangxi County, Guangdong Province signed agreements with sina, Tencent micro vision, watermelon video and one mu of field to jointly create a short video matrix of "one village, one product, one town and one industry" in Yangxi County, so as to make good products sell at a good price.
Among the top ten, Zhejiang Province in East China accounts for the largest share, accounting for 5 seats, followed by Jiangsu Province, accounting for 2 seats; Guangdong Province in South China also ranked second. It can be seen that the eastern coastal areas take the lead in the development of county digital governance.
In terms of province share analysis, there are 22 provinces on the top 100 list: 27 in Zhejiang Province ranked first, followed by 15 in Jiangsu Province and 9 in Guangdong Province. These three provinces have become the top 100 counties and cities in China's digital governance; Six in Hubei Province and Shandong Province, five in Jiangxi Province, four in Hebei Province and four in Fujian Province constitute the second echelon of China's top 100 counties and cities in digital governance; Anhui Province, Hunan Province and Gansu Province were ranked three respectively, Henan Province, Sichuan Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Guizhou Province were ranked two respectively, and Shaanxi Province, Liaoning Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Hainan Province, Yunnan Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Tibet Autonomous Region were ranked one respectively. The top 100 list does not include the four municipalities directly under the central government.
It is noteworthy that there are some representatives of late developing regions in the list. "We have seized the development opportunities of national, provincial and state 'big data' and 'new infrastructure'." Mo Qicai, deputy director of big data development service center in Libo County, Guizhou Province, said that Libo is constantly improving the construction system of smart city and digital government by focusing on the goal of "Optimizing Government, promoting industry and benefiting the people".
Digital governance has become a powerful means to optimize the business environment in Liuwu new area of Lhasa. Two enterprise gradient cultivation libraries, including "science and technology enterprise cultivation library" and "high enterprise cultivation library", help warehousing enterprises accurately connect with supporting policies such as import loans, angel investment, scientific and technological innovation vouchers and industrial guidance funds.
In addition to the digital divide between regions, many counties and cities on the list are exploring the best solution for the elderly to cross the digital divide. In Huangpu District, Guangzhou, the elderly do not need to surf the Internet or use smart phones. They can complete the access registration management and health code verification service within 2 seconds by presenting their ID card.
Digital transformation accelerates the "double carbon" process
In order to cope with climate change, China has put forward the strategic goal of "double carbon", striving to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutralization by 2060. Digital governance is a key area in the process of carbon reduction.
"Digitization helps green, and the energy consumption of the information industry itself also needs to be paid attention to." According to Wu Hequan, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, the information industry is now the fifth largest energy consuming industry in the world. Therefore, digital technology itself must achieve low-carbon, such as the data center with a large amount of data.
How to make digital technology itself low-carbon is also a highlight of some counties and cities on the list.
From "coal transportation", "power transmission" to "information transmission", Zhangbei County, Hebei Province has used wind and light resources to build the largest cloud data center in China, with more than 380000 servers and more than one million in the future. Zhangbei data center radiates the Beijing Tianjin Hebei economic belt and will provide most of the cloud computing power for the Beijing Winter Olympics. According to tmall's double 11 data, from November 1 to November 10, Alibaba cloud Zhangbei data center reduced carbon by 26000 tons.
After digitization, governance costs are also declining, including the cost of human resource consumption and the cost of all support facilities in urban governance.
"In the past, we collected a lot of information. The data to be reported to various departments such as safety, fire control and health are also repeated. Sometimes it is easy to fill in the wrong information, which is not easy." Yao Jingrui, a grid member of Guicheng Xiyue community, Nanhai District, Foshan City, broke the grass-roots ecology of "a thousand lines above and a needle below".
In response to this pain point, Nanhai District developed the form filling and reporting management system in June last year to classify and integrate the forms that really need to be filled in at the grass-roots level, improve the form data reuse rate and reduce the workload of form filling and reporting at the grass-roots level.
"Liberate us from the forms. On the one hand, we can spare more time for daily inspection. On the other hand, we can clearly see the work records in the background to facilitate dynamic management." Yao Yuanzhen, member of the neighborhood committee of Xiyue community, introduced that since the new system was used, the grid member only needs to fill in the inspection information into the system working account, and click a button, the system can automatically generate a report, without filling in the form repeatedly with the same data. This not only solves the pain point of repeated filling in at the grass-roots level, but also solves the problem that it is easy to make mistakes in "showing multiple heads", realizes the unified filling of data and the system automatically summarizes, of which 9264 forms involving the fire department each year can be automatically generated and summarized by the system.
Speak with data and make decisions with data. Improving efficiency through digital governance itself is an effective means of energy conservation and emission reduction. Sheng Yuechun, Secretary of Shaoxing Municipal Party committee, who has a habit of looking at indicators and analyzing data, pointed out the way. The digital means is to transform the governance objectives into quantifiable target data, and the target data and indicators can be evaluated, assessed and directly disassembled into work tasks, "The work of the Party committee and the government is very complicated. Without this system, how to achieve the goals is very abstract. Now we should digitize the more abstract goals, which is a concept and idea of public management."
Small wisdom governs things, middle wisdom governs people, and great wisdom governs the system. While seeing the benefits of digital governance, we still need to pay attention to the relationship between security and development, innovation and supervision in digital governance, take seriously the social, ethical and legal problems brought by the development of network information technology, explore the laws of digital governance, find the "golden key" of social governance under the condition of digitization, and better benefit the society and the people.
(China xiaokang.com)
