Recently, Bayannur airport in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region completed the replacement of LED navigation side lights on taxiways and U-turn pads, so as to save more than 50% of power consumption in the above areas. With its main characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection, LED has become one of the protagonists of "energy saving, carbon reduction and green development" in China.
The carbon reduction effect of LED lighting is obvious
Semiconductor LED technology is widely used in lighting, backlight, display, landscape, automobile lighting and other fields. Among them, the field that contributes the most to energy conservation and carbon reduction is lighting. Duan Ruifei, deputy general manager of Zhongke Lu'an ultraviolet photoelectric technology Co., Ltd., told China Electronics News that led is the most efficient artificial light source so far. It plays a role in saving electric energy in replacing traditional incandescent lamps, energy-saving lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps. From this point of view, it is direct carbon reduction.
According to the data of national semiconductor lighting engineering R & D and industrial alliance, China's lighting accounts for 13% of power consumption, equivalent to 6% of national energy consumption. Compared with traditional light sources, led reduces lighting energy consumption by 50% ~ 75%. In an interview with China Electronics News, Ruan Jun, Executive Deputy Secretary General of the alliance, said that China is the country with the highest penetration rate of LED lighting and has remarkable energy-saving effect. In 2020, the sales penetration rate of LED lighting products in China (sales volume of LED lighting products / sales volume of lighting products) exceeded 75%, and the in use penetration rate (in use volume of LED lighting products / in use volume of lighting products) exceeded 53%, making it the country with the highest LED lighting penetration rate in the world. In terms of power saving, during the 13th Five Year Plan period, China's LED lighting achieved a cumulative power saving of 1.33 trillion kwh, which is about the sum of power consumption in 2020 in Russia and France.
Compared with traditional light sources, the luminous efficiency of LED lamps is significantly improved. Among indoor lamps, the incandescent lighting efficiency is about 20lm / w (lumen / watt), the fluorescent lighting efficiency is about 60lm / W ~ 80lm / W, and the LED lighting efficiency is about 110lm / W; Among outdoor lamps, the lighting efficiency of high-pressure sodium is 75lm / W ~ 100lm / W, the lighting efficiency of metal halide is 60lm / W ~ 90lm / W, and the lighting efficiency of LED street lamps is 130lm / W. "The higher the light efficiency, the higher the utilization rate of energy, so LED lamps are well deserved representatives of green lighting." The relevant person in charge said in an interview with China Electronics News. In addition, the person in charge told reporters that the service life of incandescent lamps is about 1000 hours, that of fluorescent lamps is about 6000 hours, and that of LED lamps has reached 50000 ~ 100000 hours, which means that the damage and replacement frequency of LED lamps is much lower than that of incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. Therefore, whether it is the use cost or the resources consumed by manufacturing lamps, LED lamps have great advantages. Taking LED lighting as an example, he used data to explain how LED can achieve energy conservation and carbon reduction. He told reporters that taking the annual production capacity of LED chips in Sanan Optoelectronics Co.Ltd(600703) 2020 as an example, there are about 11.25 million LED chips (4 inches) based on gallium nitride (GAN) semiconductors, of which lighting products account for 42%. Based on the calculation that about 80 standard chips are used for a 5W LED lamp, the chip capacity of Sanan Optoelectronics Co.Ltd(600703) is expected to produce 34.2 billion 5W LED lamps; Compared with the energy-saving lamps (12W) with the same illumination, each LED lamp can save 20.4 degrees of energy, so 34.2 billion LED lamps can save 697.68 billion degrees of energy, and the annual power saving is equivalent to the sum of the annual power generation of 6.2 Three Gorges Dam power stations. According to public data, one 5W LED lamp can reduce carbon dioxide by about 0.296 tons and 34.2 billion lamps can reduce carbon dioxide by 10.123 billion tons, making an important contribution to China's goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutralization". Compared with the traditional street lamp light source, each LED street lamp saves 3128 yuan of electricity every year. According to the data of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, the number of urban road lamps in China will increase to 30.486 million in 2020. If all lamps are replaced with LED street lamps, the annual electricity cost will be saved by 95.36 billion yuan, and its economic benefit is very considerable.
In addition, the intelligent control of LED lighting will also bring secondary energy saving. Ruan Jun told reporters that led is not only a light source, but also an electronic component. It is convenient for integrated control and can realize secondary energy saving through intelligent control. For example, in the indoor field, the light can be turned off when people walk, or the brightness can be controlled time-sharing; In the outdoor field, the brightness can be adjusted by road section and time through single lamp control. "Through the improvement of luminous efficiency, LED indoor and outdoor lighting products can achieve more than 50% energy saving compared with traditional lighting products; through intelligent control, more than 20% energy saving can be achieved. In general, LED lighting can achieve 50% ~ 75% energy saving compared with traditional lighting products. In addition to energy saving, LED has also changed the lighting design mode and realized the lighting of" light without light " Energy saving can achieve a better light environment. " Ruan Jun said.
New applications emerge one after another
Due to the unique advantages of LED, its new applications outside lighting emerge one after another. In the field of non functional lighting, China's measures to promote cultural tourism, new energy vehicles and new information display will drive the continuous growth of LED in display, vehicle lighting, landscape lighting and other markets.
Ruan Jun pointed out that in the field of display, led replaces the original fluorescent tube in LCD to achieve better display effect while saving energy. At the same time, it also enriches the display size, meets the needs of indoor and outdoor scenes, and realizes diversified product forms such as special-shaped screen and transparent screen. Xu Feng, Institute of integrated circuits of CCID think tank, told China Electronics News that mini / micro LED display technology has excellent characteristics such as high brightness, high integration, low power consumption and flexible display, and has become a new generation of display technology recognized in the industry after OLED and LCD. At present, mini / micro LED display products are in the stage of demand explosion. Small spacing LED display technology has been recognized by mainstream machine manufacturers and has entered the development channel of rapid mass production. On the one hand, apple, Samsung, Huawei and other application manufacturers have expanded their mini LED backlight product lines, and TCL, LG, Konka and other TV manufacturers have intensively released high-end Mini LED backlight TVs. On the other hand, the active light-emitting Mini LED panel has also entered the mass production stage.
In the field of automotive lighting and on-board display, Professor Liu Bin of the school of Electronic Science and engineering of Nanjing University told China Electronics News that compared with ordinary automotive bulbs, LED automotive lamps consume only 1 / 10 of its power, which can better save energy and protect automotive circuits from being burned out by excessive load current. With the increasing demand for information display in the car, the display terminal based on new technologies such as mini / micro LED will gradually replace the central control display, head up display (HUD) and control entertainment system in the car, and greatly improve the information interaction ability between people and the car and road environment. Ruan Jun said that the LED lamp replaces the traditional halogen lamp and xenon lamp, which not only saves energy, improves the response speed of the lamp, but also gives the lamp greater design flexibility. "Especially with the increase of the share of new energy vehicles and the development of driverless technology in the future, LED has a broad application space in automotive interior and exterior lighting." Ruan Jun said. According to the data of CCID think tank, the growth of automotive LED market is expected to exceed 10% in 2021.
In the field of landscape lighting, LED projection lamp replaces the original halogen lamp, and LED line lamp replaces fluorescent tube, realizing energy saving. "However, in this field, the more significant contribution of LED is to improve the design level of landscape lighting, enrich the application fields of landscape lighting, and provide more possibilities for the integrated development of night economy, cultural tourism and lighting." Ruan Jun said.
Duan Ruifei also expressed his recognition for the application of LED in other fields, but he also said: "more landscape lighting and more display applications will increase power consumption, which will force energy enterprises to adopt new technologies, such as the perfect combination of Cecep Solar Energy Co.Ltd(000591) + power storage + LED. The progress of LED as the application end will gradually drive the progress of the whole system, including the progress of energy end."
Strive to achieve high-quality products, high-precision enterprises and high-end industries
Industry experts said that under the guidance of the goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutralization", China's LED industry will usher in new development opportunities.
When talking about the development of semiconductor lighting industry during the 14th Five Year Plan period, Ruan Jun said that during the 14th Five Year Plan period, LED lighting will continue to replace traditional lighting. It is expected that by 2025, the consumption of LED lighting products will reach 8.6 billion, the consumption penetration rate will also increase to 63.5%, and the overall sales penetration rate will exceed 85%. It is estimated that during the 14th Five Year Plan period, 1.48 trillion kwh of electricity will be saved and 1.342 billion tons of carbon emissions will be reduced. In this context, China's LED industry should accelerate the transformation from "made in China to created in China, from Chinese speed to Chinese quality, and from Chinese products to Chinese brands". In terms of technological innovation, for emerging applications, carry out interdisciplinary, interdisciplinary and cross industry basic research, and Research on industrialization key technologies and system integration technologies. In terms of industry, we will comprehensively promote high-quality development in terms of standard testing and measurement, intellectual property rights, brand and credit, vigorously promote industrial structure adjustment, and realize high-quality products, high-precision enterprises and high-end industries. In China, China has one belt, one road to seize the opportunity to upgrade and upgrade consumption, to stimulate and release China's consumption demand, and to guide the semiconductor lighting foreign trade enterprises to implement the diversification strategy of export destinations and actively explore the market along the "one belt" road. One belt, one road green lighting initiative one belt, one road, and the other countries and regions along the "one belt" along the line should be strengthened in the area of semiconductor lighting technology, standards, R & D, scientific and technological personnel, etc., and efforts should be made to promote sustainable R & D cooperation and strengthen international dialogue and cooperation.
Xu Feng expressed his views on the construction of the whole industrial chain. He told reporters that as the competent department of the industry, the national development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of industry and information technology should coordinate the development of local LED industry, explore the "window guidance" mechanism for major led projects, and promote the adjustment of led industrial structure. Encourage the transformation of LED chip substrate manufacturing and packaging production lines, moderately reduce the support of traditional LED lighting projects, and encourage the upgrading and localization of LED equipment and materials. Support China's leading led enterprises to carry out technical and talent cooperation with enterprises in Europe, America and other advanced regions, and encourage major production line projects to settle in major industrial clusters. Make use of existing capital channels to specially improve the supply chain construction in emerging areas of LED industry. In the aspect of chip substrate, focus on improving the performance of mini / micro led for display application and deep UV LED chip for medical health; In the packaging process, focus on improving advanced packaging processes such as vertical and flip packaging and reducing manufacturing costs; In the application link, carry out pilot demonstration projects for market segments such as intelligent lighting, health lighting and plant lighting, and accelerate the formation of industry group standards; In the aspect of materials and equipment, the company will cooperate with integrated circuit enterprises to improve the localization level of high-end LED equipment and materials.
Duan Ruifei said that the future development of LED industry requires continuous technological progress and improvement of LED performance, so that less and less electricity is needed to produce certain light. In addition, the large-scale LED application makes the system must be re optimized, enter the next stage of technological and industrial development of the whole chain, and move towards the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. He believes that China's LED has the problem of excessive competition, and the homogenization and price competition among enterprises are serious. Therefore, effective coordination mechanism and overall planning are needed.
(China Electronic News)
