Innovation drives economic development and social progress has become the consensus of all countries in the world. In recent years, the international environment has been complex, with the superposition of the impact of covid-19 pneumonia, and the supply chain pattern of the global industrial chain has been adjusted rapidly. Facing the main economic battlefield and major national needs, building a flexible, collaborative and inclusive industrial innovation ecology has become an important path choice to improve the national innovation system. At present, global industrial innovation has entered an intensive and active period, with wider, deeper and faster innovation. Industrial innovation is characterized by multi-disciplinary integration and multi link intersection, driven by solving global common problems, with open innovation as the key mode and innovation consortium as the important support. At the same time, technological industry changes are gradually transmitted to institutional environment changes. Many countries accelerate the exploration and establishment of a more systematic and flexible innovation governance system to create conditions, release energy and expand space for stimulating innovation.
Facing the new challenges brought by digital economy, covid-19 epidemic and international competition, different countries in the world are promoting the “boundary change” of industrial innovation ecology to make up for the loopholes or shortcomings of the original system, so as to be more suitable for the new development situation. In this process, different countries have formed differentiated promotion paths in combination with their own reality, but they basically follow the direction of government overall coordination, multi-party resource linkage and accelerated factor integration to accelerate the construction of industrial innovation ecology.
This has brought different development results, and a series of changes have taken place in the ecological pattern of global industrial innovation. Based on the data of international organizations and authoritative institutions, this report makes an in-depth analysis from four dimensions: innovation input-output, international cooperation, factor flow and industrial innovation direction. From the perspective of innovation input, output and high-level innovation subjects, European and American countries are still the gathering place of global innovation, the innovation of the United States and Japan is comprehensively dominant, and Europe and Asia have their own strengths in different stages of innovation. The leading edge of a few developed countries has weakened, and the innovation strength of Asian countries represented by China, South Korea, Israel and India has been continuously improved. From the perspective of international innovation cooperation, multinational corporations have promoted close cooperation among innovation powers, forming two major technical cooperation fields of medicine and wireless communication with the United States and China as the core. In terms of innovation factors, affected by the epidemic, the flow of international innovation factors has decreased, and the exchange of talents, import and export of intellectual property rights and foreign direct investment have decreased significantly. From the perspective of specific industries, the innovation input and output of digital technology and health care industry have increased significantly. China’s green patent applications have continued to rise and become an important force driving the growth of global green patent applications at the current stage.
In the future, industrial innovation will be more closely intertwined with factors such as technology, politics and economy, and the international innovation pattern will continue to be adjusted and changed. The industrial sector pulling innovation from the demand side has become a common practice and an important competitive means for countries to pursue innovation efficiency. Looking at the organizational modes of global industrial departments promoting innovation, this report summarizes six organizational modes of industrial competent departments promoting innovation and three modes of collaborative innovation with enterprises as key subjects. At the same time, the innovation service specialization of new intermediate organizations such as new accelerators, standardization organizations and open source platforms is more prominent. Under the joint promotion of the above subjects, the innovation ecology will continue to improve and evolve towards marketization and openness. How to deal with the relationship between the government and the market, science and industry in the post epidemic era and enhance the economy, adaptability and inclusiveness of the innovation system will become the key foothold to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial innovation ecology.
