This week’s topic: energy is the basis for supporting the progress of human civilization. With the continuous development of society, people’s demand for energy is also increasing. Geothermal energy is a kind of heat energy that exists in rock, soil, fluid and magma in the earth and can be developed and utilized by human beings. It is a high-quality renewable energy. (1) Global geothermal energy development and utilization. Geothermal energy development and utilization has a long history, but at present, the global installed capacity of geothermal energy is about 16GW. Lestar energy predicts that the global installed capacity of geothermal power generation will reach 24gw in 2025, an increase of more than 50% compared with 2020. The total amount of new geothermal energy investment in the world from 2010 to 2020 is about $40 billion, and the global geothermal energy investment is expected from 2021 to 2025 The scale can reach US $25 billion, and the number of geothermal energy wells can reach 380. The geothermal power generation market is highly concentrated, the installed capacity of the United States ranks first in the world, and the development of China is relatively slow. According to the data of prospective industry research institute, by the end of 2019, the top 5 countries with cumulative installed capacity of global geothermal power generation were the United States, Indonesia, the Philippines, Turkey and New Zealand, accounting for 65.78% of the global total, with high market concentration. Asia is the region with the largest installed capacity for direct utilization of thermal energy. China is the country with the largest installed capacity for direct utilization of geothermal energy. The top five countries in the world are China, the United States, Sweden, Germany and Turkey. (2) Development and utilization of geothermal energy in China. China is rich in geothermal resources, accounting for about 1 / 6 of the total global geothermal resources. China’s shallow geothermal energy heating / cooling area exceeds 392 million square meters, which can achieve an annual alternative energy of 11.6 million TCE and an annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of 30 million tons. China’s dry hot rock resources are equivalent to 856 trillion tons of standard coal, and medium temperature geothermal energy Energy resources are equivalent to 1.25 trillion tons of standard coal, so China is rich in geothermal power generation resources. At present, China’s geothermal resources are mainly used directly, and the scale of geothermal power generation is small. In terms of the proportion of geothermal resources development and utilization in China, the proportion of geothermal heating and hot spring bathing is 32.7% and 32.3% respectively, that of agriculture, aquaculture and industrial utilization is 17.9%, 2.6% and 0.4% respectively, and that of other fields is 13.6%, while that of geothermal power generation is only 0.5%. China’s installed capacity of geothermal power generation in 2020 was 34.9mw, ranking 19th in the world. The development of China’s geothermal power generation industry still lags behind other leading countries.
Risk factors: the spread of the global epidemic is accelerating, the demand boost after overseas resumption of work is lower than expected, and China’s subsequent economic growth is weak.
