Under the goal of "double carbon", the development of hydrogen energy industry has attracted more and more attention. According to the news on February 10 on the website of the national development and Reform Commission, the national development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration recently issued the opinions on improving the institutional mechanisms and policies and measures for green and low-carbon energy transformation (hereinafter referred to as the opinions). "Dual control" of energy consumption, the guidance of non fossil energy target system, the top-level design of new power system, and the establishment of hydrogen energy production, supply, storage and marketing system have become the key words of the opinions.
"The 14th five year plan is an important window period for the development, application and promotion of hydrogen energy industry." Qi Haizhen, President of Beijing Teyi Sunshine New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., told the Securities Daily that any segment of the hydrogen energy industry chain, such as hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogen transportation and hydrogenation, as well as hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen energy vehicles, may form several markets with a scale of 100 billion yuan.
Under the hydrogen heat, local governments and enterprises also began to speed up the beach layout. According to incomplete statistics, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provinces have released plans or plans related to the development of hydrogen energy industry, and more than 180 listed companies have announced their involvement in the hydrogen industry chain. Many more enterprises directly hit the industrial pain point and accelerated the development of hydrogen energy industry.
developing green hydrogen is the consensus of the industry
According to the estimation of China hydrogen energy alliance, China's hydrogen demand will reach 35 million tons by 2030, accounting for 5% of the terminal energy system; By 2050, the proportion of hydrogen energy in the terminal energy system will reach at least 10%, the demand for hydrogen will be close to 60 million tons, about 700 million tons of carbon dioxide can be reduced, and the annual output value of the industrial chain will be about 12 trillion yuan.
Insiders believe that under the environment of policy support and capital promotion, the formation of an industrial track with a market scale of trillion yuan has accelerated.
"The hydrogen energy industry is still in the primary stage of development, and the hydrogen energy industry in various regions is also dominated by regional small-scale demonstration applications. At the same time, this also creates favorable conditions for large-scale promotion." Qi Haiyu believes that the "14th five year plan" is an important window period for the development, application and promotion of hydrogen energy industry.
"Under the 'double carbon' goal, hydrogen energy will become one of the important global energy sources in the future, but it should be noted that green hydrogen should be vigorously developed instead of blue hydrogen and gray hydrogen." Guo Haifei, deputy director of Lvchuang Office of the Investment Advisory Committee of China Investment Association, told the Securities Daily that at present, there are three main hydrogen production methods, namely electrolytic water hydrogen production, fossil fuel reforming hydrogen production and industrial by-product hydrogen recovery.
According to Guo Haifei, the production of hydrogen from reforming fossil fuels will emit greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, so it is called "grey hydrogen"; If carbon capture and storage technology (CCCs) is added when using fossil fuel hydrogen production process, the hydrogen obtained is called "blue hydrogen"; Hydrogen obtained from nuclear energy and renewable energy through electrolysis of water is called "green hydrogen". "Only green hydrogen can achieve real zero carbon emission. Green hydrogen is the ultimate direction of the development of hydrogen energy industry in the future."
"Moving towards carbon neutralization can be divided into four stages, which intersect or work together." Longi Green Energy Technology Co.Ltd(601012) the relevant person in charge told the reporter of Securities Daily that the first is to form a substantial consumption of new energy through the flexible adjustment of system and mechanism and demand side response; The second is to vigorously develop pumped storage to give a certain time and development space for chemical energy storage; Then, through large-scale application of chemical energy storage, a new power system with new energy as the main body is truly formed; Finally, deep decarburization is carried out by introducing hydrogen energy.
"To develop hydrogen energy, we must first make a clear positioning. It is worthless to talk about hydrogen energy development without carbon emission reduction." The official said that the development of green hydrogen is a consensus, and the preparation of hydrogen and carbon footprint must be measured to achieve carbon emission reduction.
industrial pain points contain major opportunities
Based on this consideration, Longi Green Energy Technology Co.Ltd(601012) began strategic research on the hydrogen energy industry chain as early as 2018, cooperated with Chinese surgical research institutions to research and develop electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment technology, and officially established Longji Hydrogen Energy Technology Co., Ltd. on March 31, 2021.
On October 16, 2021, the first alkaline water electrolyzer of Longji hydrogen energy went offline, and the hydrogen preparation capacity of a single electrolyzer reached 1000nm3 / h or above, "which will drive the intensive and large-scale development of hydrogen production plants and lay the technical and cost foundation for reshaping the energy pattern." The relevant person in charge said.
"At present, the hydrogen energy industry is facing challenges in upstream production, midstream storage and transportation and downstream application, and the current obstacles to the development of the hydrogen energy industry mainly come from the cost." Guo Haifei said that how to reduce the cost of hydrogen production, storage and transportation is one of the pain points for the development of hydrogen energy industry in the future.
"Exploring the establishment of hydrogen energy production, supply, storage and marketing system" is also one of the key words of the opinions.
The reporter learned that Shaanxi Baoguang Vacuum Electronic Apparatus Co.Ltd(600379) aims at the pain point of hydrogen energy storage and transportation, and takes it as one of the main force points of the company. Accelerating the layout of "hydrogen energy + energy storage" Shaanxi Baoguang Vacuum Electronic Apparatus Co.Ltd(600379) established Baoguang lianyue Hydrogen Energy Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Baoguang lianyue") in July 2021. "At present, the company has actively communicated with local governments on the development of hydrogen energy field, and strive to quickly promote the implementation of hydrogen energy demonstration projects." Sun Wei, general manager of Baoguang lianyue, told the reporter of Securities Daily.
According to Qi Haiyu, hydrogen is mainly stored and transported in high-pressure gaseous state and low-temperature liquid state. The attribute of this hazardous chemical also restricts the development of "hydrogen production hydrogenation integration", which is an objective deficiency in the development of hydrogen energy industry at present, but it also contains a great opportunity for industrial development.
"Hydrogen storage and transportation are highly dependent on policy support, technological progress and infrastructure construction, which is the difficulty of industrial development." Sun Wei said that at present, China's high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and transportation technology is relatively mature, but the commercialization of large-scale and long-distance storage and transportation technology still needs to solve the balance between cost and technology, and the overall technology still lags behind the international advanced level.
"In terms of storage and transportation, hydrogen storage and transportation will gradually improve the storage and transportation capacity in accordance with the technical development direction of 'higher and higher pressure', 'larger and larger volume' and 'popularization of liquid hydrogen storage and transportation'." Sun Wei said that from the perspective of hydrogen storage cost, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is still the best choice at present, and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage in the short and medium term is still the mainstream. In the long run, after technological breakthrough and capacity expansion, low-temperature liquefied hydrogen storage technology is expected to become the mainstream means of hydrogen storage.
